National Institute of Science and Technology in Interdisciplinary and Transdisciplinary Studies in Ecology and Evolution (INCT IN-TREE), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil;
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH5 3LR, United Kingdom.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 Oct 3;114(40):10695-10700. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1706756114. Epub 2017 Sep 18.
Recent debates on the number of plant species in the vast lowland rain forests of the Amazon have been based largely on model estimates, neglecting published checklists based on verified voucher data. Here we collate taxonomically verified checklists to present a list of seed plant species from lowland Amazon rain forests. Our list comprises 14,003 species, of which 6,727 are trees. These figures are similar to estimates derived from nonparametric ecological models, but they contrast strongly with predictions of much higher tree diversity derived from parametric models. Based on the known proportion of tree species in neotropical lowland rain forest communities as measured in complete plot censuses, and on overall estimates of seed plant diversity in Brazil and in the neotropics in general, it is more likely that tree diversity in the Amazon is closer to the lower estimates derived from nonparametric models. Much remains unknown about Amazonian plant diversity, but this taxonomically verified dataset provides a valid starting point for macroecological and evolutionary studies aimed at understanding the origin, evolution, and ecology of the exceptional biodiversity of Amazonian forests.
最近关于亚马逊广阔低地雨林中植物物种数量的争论主要基于模型估计，而忽略了基于已验证凭证数据的出版清单。在这里，我们整理了经过分类学验证的清单，列出了来自亚马逊低地雨林的种子植物物种清单。我们的清单包括 14003 个物种，其中 6727 个是树木。这些数字与非参数生态模型得出的估计值相似，但与参数模型得出的树木多样性高得多的预测值形成鲜明对比。根据在完整样地清查中测量的新热带低地雨林群落中树木物种的已知比例，以及巴西和整个新热带地区种子植物多样性的总体估计，亚马逊地区的树木多样性更有可能接近非参数模型得出的较低估计值。关于亚马逊植物多样性还有很多未知之处，但这个经过分类学验证的数据集为旨在了解亚马逊森林特殊生物多样性的起源、进化和生态学的宏观生态学和进化研究提供了一个有效起点。
