Lao Weiguo, Jin Xingliang, Tan Yi, Xiao Linda, Padula Matthew P, Bishop David P, Reedy Brian, Ong Madeleine, Kamal Mohammad A, Qu Xianqin
School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, NSW, Australia.
School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, NSW, Australia.
Medicines (Basel). 2016 Aug 26;3(3):23. doi: 10.3390/medicines3030023.
Osteoporosis is a condition in which the bones become brittle, increasing the risk of fractures. Complementary medicines have traditionally used animal bones for managing bone disorders, such as osteoporosis. This study aimed to discover new natural products for these types of conditions by determining mineral and protein content of bone extracts derived from the Australian wallaby. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis were used for mineral tests, proteome analysis was using LC/MS/MS and the effects of wallaby bone extracts (WBE)s on calcium deposition and alkaline phosphatase activity were evaluated in osteogenic cells derived from adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs). Concentrations of calcium and phosphorus were 26.21% and 14.72% in WBE respectively. Additionally, minerals found were wide in variety and high in concentration, while heavy metal concentrations of aluminium, iron, zinc and other elements were at safe levels for human consumption. Proteome analysis showed that extracts contained high amounts of bone remodelling proteins, such as osteomodulin, osteopontin and osteoglycin. Furthermore, in vitro evaluation of WBEs showed increased deposition of calcium in osteoblasts with enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity in differentiated adipose-derived stem cells. Our results demonstrate that wallaby bone extracts possess proteins and minerals beneficial for bone metabolism. WBEs may therefore be used for developing natural products for conditions such as osteoporosis and further investigation to understand biomolecular mechanism by which WBEs prevent osteoporosis is warranted.
骨质疏松症是一种骨骼变脆、骨折风险增加的病症。传统上，补充药物使用动物骨头来治疗骨骼疾病，如骨质疏松症。本研究旨在通过测定澳大利亚小袋鼠骨骼提取物的矿物质和蛋白质含量，发现针对这类病症的新型天然产物。电感耦合等离子体质谱法和傅里叶变换红外光谱分析用于矿物质测试，蛋白质组分析采用液相色谱/串联质谱法，并在源自脂肪组织干细胞（ADSCs）的成骨细胞中评估了小袋鼠骨骼提取物（WBE）对钙沉积和碱性磷酸酶活性的影响。WBE中钙和磷的浓度分别为26.21%和14.72%。此外，所发现的矿物质种类繁多且浓度较高，而铝、铁、锌等重金属元素的浓度处于人类食用安全水平。蛋白质组分析表明，提取物含有大量的骨重塑蛋白，如骨调节素、骨桥蛋白和骨胶原。此外，对WBE的体外评估显示，成骨细胞中钙沉积增加，分化的脂肪来源干细胞中碱性磷酸酶活性增强。我们的结果表明，小袋鼠骨骼提取物含有对骨代谢有益的蛋白质和矿物质。因此，WBE可用于开发针对骨质疏松症等病症的天然产物，有必要进一步研究以了解WBE预防骨质疏松症的生物分子机制。
