Christensen J, Fosse R T, Halvorsen O J, Morild I
Department of Pathology, University of Bergen, Haukeland Sykehus, Norway.
Am J Vet Res. 1987 Nov;48(11):1649-57.
Three anesthetic agents (equithesin, metomidate, and ketamine) combined with diazepam were tested in the domestic fowl. Laparotomy and thoractomy were possible with the equithesin/diazepam combination, but only laparotomy was possible with the metomidate/diazepam combination. The combination of ketamine/diazepam did not result in the depth of anesthesia required for surgical procedures. Repeated blood pressure and heart rate measurements were recorded by use of a modified noninvasive Doppler technique. Equithesin/diazepam was our combination of choice for long-duration surgical anesthesia. The depth of anesthesia could be modulated by increasing the dose of diazepam. Metomidate/diazepam was useful when short-term anesthesia was required. In contrast to equithesin/diazepam, the metomidate/diazepam combination provided unstable anesthesia of varying depth and duration. Adverse reactions with metomidate indicated caution when using this drug in chickens; the drug also caused marked bradycardia. Ketamine/diazepam combination cannot be recommended as an anesthetic agent for use in chickens. The combination may be useful for minor surgical procedures or treatment, but not for experimental procedures that involve major surgery. Diazepam alone had a slight tranquilizing effect.
在禽类中对三种麻醉剂（水合氯醛、甲咪酯和氯胺酮）与地西泮的组合进行了测试。水合氯醛/地西泮组合可进行剖腹术和开胸术，但甲咪酯/地西泮组合仅能进行剖腹术。氯胺酮/地西泮组合未达到手术所需的麻醉深度。使用改良的无创多普勒技术记录重复的血压和心率测量值。水合氯醛/地西泮是我们用于长时间手术麻醉的首选组合。麻醉深度可通过增加地西泮剂量来调节。当需要短期麻醉时，甲咪酯/地西泮很有用。与水合氯醛/地西泮不同，甲咪酯/地西泮组合提供的麻醉深度和持续时间不稳定。甲咪酯的不良反应表明在鸡中使用该药物时需谨慎；该药物还会引起明显的心动过缓。氯胺酮/地西泮组合不能推荐作为鸡的麻醉剂。该组合可能对小型手术或治疗有用，但不适用于涉及大手术的实验程序。单独使用地西泮有轻微的镇静作用。
