Alshamrani Abdulaziz A, Almousa Abdulwahab S, Almulhim Abdulrahman A, Alafaleq Abdullah A, Alosaimi Mohammed B, Alqahtani Abdulrahman M, Almulhem Ammar M, Alshamrani Mohammed A, Alhallafi Ahmad H, Alqahtani Ismail Z, Alshehri Abdullah A
Department of Medical Education, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Clinical Affairs, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol. 2017 Apr-Jun;24(2):67-73. doi: 10.4103/meajo.MEAJO_281_16.
The information about dry eye epidemiology in Saudi Arabia is few in literature.
To estimate the prevalence and identify determinants of dry eye symptoms (DES) in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
Using a multi-stage proportionate sampling technique, Saudis of both genders from 6 urban and 4 rural Primary Health Care centers in Al-Ahsa were enrolled. They were interviewed to gather data on sociodemography, symptoms of dry eye, factors potentially related to dry eye, and chronic comorbidities. If one or more of DESs present often or constantly, we labeled the person with DES.
We examined 1858 Saudi adults with mean age of 39.3 ± 14.1 years. The age-adjusted prevalence of DES was 32.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 30.0-34.3). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female gender (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.7-2.6), older age (>56 years; aOR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.0-2.1), current smoking (aOR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1-1.8) and history of diabetes mellitus (aOR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.2-2.0) were significantly associated with DES. Nonsignificant variables included residence (urban/rural); work status; wearing contact lenses; multivitamin use; caffeine use; history of trachoma, hypertension, bronchial asthma, coronary artery disease, thyroid disease, arthritis, hemolytic blood diseases (sickle cell-thalassemia), gout, and osteoporosis.
DES are highly prevalent among the adult population of Al-Ahsa. Females, persons more than 55 years of age, smokers and diabetics were associated to DES.
沙特阿拉伯干眼症流行病学的相关文献较少。
评估沙特阿拉伯艾哈萨地区干眼症症状（DES）的患病率并确定其决定因素。
采用多阶段比例抽样技术，纳入了来自艾哈萨6个城市和4个农村初级卫生保健中心的沙特男女。对他们进行访谈以收集社会人口统计学、干眼症症状、可能与干眼症相关的因素以及慢性合并症的数据。如果一个或多个干眼症症状经常或持续出现，我们将该人标记为患有DES。
我们检查了1858名沙特成年人，平均年龄为39.3±14.1岁。年龄调整后的DES患病率为32.1%（95%置信区间[CI]=30.0 - 34.3）。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，女性（调整后的优势比[aOR]=2.1，95%CI=1.7 - 2.6）、年龄较大（>56岁；aOR=1.5，95%CI=1.0 - 2.1）、当前吸烟（aOR=1.4，95%CI=1.1 - 1.8）和糖尿病史（aOR=1.5，95%CI=1.2 - 2.0）与DES显著相关。不显著的变量包括居住地（城市/农村）；工作状态；佩戴隐形眼镜；使用多种维生素；使用咖啡因；沙眼、高血压、支气管哮喘、冠状动脉疾病、甲状腺疾病、关节炎、溶血性血液疾病（镰状细胞 - 地中海贫血）、痛风和骨质疏松症病史。
DES在艾哈萨的成年人群中高度流行。女性、55岁以上的人、吸烟者和糖尿病患者与DES有关。
