Cermak Pavel, Olsovska Jana, Mikyska Alexandr, Dusek Martin, Kadleckova Zuzana, Vanicek Jiri, Nyc Otakar, Sigler Karel, Bostikova Vanda, Bostik Pavel
Thomayer Hospital, Videnska 800, Prague, Czech Republic.
Research Institute of Brewing and Malting, PLC, Prague, Czech Republic.
APMIS. 2017 Nov;125(11):1033-1038. doi: 10.1111/apm.12747. Epub 2017 Sep 28.
Anaerobic bacteria, such as Bacteroides fragilis or Clostridium perfringens, are part of indigenous human flora. However, Clostridium difficile represents also an important causative agent of nosocomial infectious antibiotic-associated diarrhoea. Treatment of C. difficile infection is problematic, making it imperative to search for new compounds with antimicrobial properties. Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) contain substances with antibacterial properties. We tested antimicrobial activity of purified hop constituents humulone, lupulone and xanthohumol against anaerobic bacteria. The antimicrobial activity was established against B. fragilis, C. perfringens and C. difficile strains according to standard testing protocols (CLSI, EUCAST), and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were calculated. All C. difficile strains were toxigenic and clinically relevant, as they were isolated from patients with diarrhoea. Strongest antimicrobial effects were observed with xanthohumol showing MIC and MBC values of 15-107 μg/mL, which are close to those of conventional antibiotics in the strains of bacteria with increased resistance. Slightly higher MIC and MBC values were obtained with lupulone followed by higher values of humulone. Our study, thus, shows a potential of purified hop compounds, especially xanthohumol, as alternatives for treatment of infections caused by select anaerobic bacteria, namely nosocomial diarrhoea caused by resistant strains.
厌氧菌，如脆弱拟杆菌或产气荚膜梭菌，是人类固有菌群的一部分。然而，艰难梭菌也是医院感染性抗生素相关性腹泻的重要病原体。艰难梭菌感染的治疗存在问题，因此必须寻找具有抗菌特性的新化合物。啤酒花（Humulus lupulus L.）含有具有抗菌特性的物质。我们测试了纯化的啤酒花成分律草酮、蛇麻酮和黄腐酚对厌氧菌的抗菌活性。根据标准测试方案（CLSI、EUCAST）确定了对脆弱拟杆菌、产气荚膜梭菌和艰难梭菌菌株的抗菌活性，并计算了最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MBC）。所有艰难梭菌菌株均具有产毒性且与临床相关，因为它们是从腹泻患者中分离出来的。黄腐酚的抗菌效果最强，其MIC和MBC值为15 - 107μg/mL，在耐药性增强的细菌菌株中接近传统抗生素的值。蛇麻酮的MIC和MBC值略高，律草酮的值更高。因此，我们的研究表明，纯化的啤酒花化合物，尤其是黄腐酚，有可能作为治疗某些厌氧菌引起的感染（即耐药菌株引起的医院内腹泻）的替代品。
