Salihu B, Samarakoon T, Pulaj B, Quave C L, Mustafa B, Hajdari A
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematical and Natural Science, University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo.
Emory Herbarium, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Plant Biol (Stuttg). 2024 Aug 1. doi: 10.1111/plb.13699.
Hops is an economically important species due to its diverse secondary metabolites and extensive use in the brewing and medicinal industries. Although hops is widely distributed in Kosovo, the chemical composition of its essential oils and genetic variability of wild populations remain understudied. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the chemical and genetic variability of Kosovo's wild hop population using essential oil constituents and microsatellite (simple sequence repeat - SSR) markers. Female hop inflorescences were collected from 21 wild populations in Kosovo. Essential oils were extracted from the dried plant material using a Clevenger apparatus. Chemical composition of the essential oils was analysed using GC-FID-MS. DNA was extracted from dried leaves, and 15 SSR markers were used for fragment analysis. The main constituents of the essential oil were myrcene, α-humulene, (E)-β-farnesene, α-selinene, β-selinene, and E-caryophyllene. Statistical analyses based on chemical composition of essential oils and SSR markers highlighted the low variability among populations and high variability within populations. These findings provide valuable insights for developing strategies for potential use and conservation of wild hop populations in Kosovo, laying the groundwork for future research and comparison with commercial cultivars to assess their breeding potential.
由于啤酒花具有多样的次生代谢产物，并在酿造和医药行业有广泛应用，它是一种具有重要经济价值的物种。尽管啤酒花在科索沃广泛分布，但其精油的化学成分和野生种群的遗传变异性仍未得到充分研究。因此，本研究旨在利用精油成分和微卫星（简单序列重复 - SSR）标记评估科索沃野生啤酒花种群的化学和遗传变异性。从科索沃的21个野生种群中采集了雌性啤酒花的花序。使用克莱文杰装置从干燥的植物材料中提取精油。采用气相色谱 - 火焰离子化检测器 - 质谱联用仪（GC-FID-MS）分析精油的化学成分。从干燥的叶片中提取DNA，并使用15个SSR标记进行片段分析。精油的主要成分是月桂烯、α-葎草烯、（E）-β-法尼烯、α-芹子烯、β-芹子烯和E-石竹烯。基于精油化学成分和SSR标记的统计分析突出了种群间变异性低而种群内变异性高的特点。这些发现为制定科索沃野生啤酒花种群潜在利用和保护策略提供了有价值的见解，为未来的研究以及与商业品种进行比较以评估其育种潜力奠定了基础。
