College of Health, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
Gut Microbes. 2024 Jan-Dec;16(1):2315633. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2315633. Epub 2024 Feb 15.
Xanthohumol (XN), a polyphenol found in the hop plant (), has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, prebiotic, and anti-hyperlipidemic activity. Preclinical evidence suggests the gut microbiome is essential in mediating these bioactivities; however, relatively little is known about XN's impact on human gut microbiota . We conducted a randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03735420) to determine safety and tolerability of XN in healthy adults. Thirty healthy participants were randomized to 24 mg/day XN or placebo for 8 weeks. As secondary outcomes, quantification of bacterial metabolites and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were utilized to explore the relationships between XN supplementation, gut microbiota, and biomarkers of gut health. Although XN did not significantly change gut microbiota composition, it did re-shape individual taxa in an enterotype-dependent manner. High levels of inter-individual variation in metabolic profiles and bioavailability of XN metabolites were observed. Moreover, reductions in microbiota-derived bile acid metabolism were observed, which were specific to and enterotypes. These results suggest interactions between XN and gut microbiota in healthy adults are highly inter-individualized and potentially indicate that XN elicits effects on gut health in an enterotype-dependent manner.
黄腐酚（XN）是一种存在于啤酒花植物（）中的多酚，具有抗氧化、抗炎、益生元和抗高血脂活性。临床前证据表明，肠道微生物群在介导这些生物活性方面至关重要；然而，关于 XN 对人类肠道微生物组的影响知之甚少。我们进行了一项随机、三盲、安慰剂对照的临床试验（ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03735420），以确定 XN 在健康成年人中的安全性和耐受性。30 名健康参与者被随机分配到每天 24 毫克 XN 或安慰剂组，持续 8 周。作为次要结果，定量细菌代谢物和 16S rRNA 基因测序用于探索 XN 补充、肠道微生物群和肠道健康生物标志物之间的关系。尽管 XN 没有显著改变肠道微生物群组成，但它确实以肠型依赖的方式重塑了个体分类群。观察到代谢谱和 XN 代谢物生物利用度的个体间变异性很高。此外，观察到微生物群衍生的胆汁酸代谢减少，这是特定于和肠型的。这些结果表明，XN 与健康成年人肠道微生物群之间的相互作用具有高度个体差异性，并且可能表明 XN 以肠型依赖的方式对肠道健康产生影响。
