Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, PO Box 9101, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Acta Derm Venereol. 2018 Feb 7;98(2):212-217. doi: 10.2340/00015555-2810.
Alopecia areata (AA) is an immune-mediated disease causing temporary or permanent hair loss. Up to 46% of patients with AA also have nail involvement. The aim of this study was to determine the presence, types, and clinical implications of nail changes in patients with AA. This questionnaire-based survey evaluated 256 patients with AA. General demographic variables, specific nail changes, nail-related quality of life (QoL), and treatment history and need were evaluated. Prevalence of nail involvement in AA was 64.1%. The specific nail signs reported most frequently were pitting (29.7%, p = 0.008) and trachyonychia (18.0%). Red spots on the lunula were less frequent (5.1%), but very specific for severe AA. Nail-related QoL was only minimally affected by nail changes. In conclusion, nail involvement is common in patients with AA and presents mostly with pitting and trachyonychia. The presence of these nail changes reflects the severity of the disease, with red spots on the lunula as a predictor for severe alopecia.
斑秃（AA）是一种免疫介导的疾病，可导致暂时性或永久性脱发。多达 46%的 AA 患者还存在指甲受累。本研究旨在确定 AA 患者指甲变化的存在、类型及其临床意义。这项基于问卷的调查评估了 256 名 AA 患者。评估了一般人口统计学变量、特定的指甲变化、指甲相关的生活质量（QoL）以及治疗史和需求。AA 患者中指甲受累的患病率为 64.1%。报告最常见的特定指甲征象是凹坑（29.7%，p=0.008）和甲纵嵴（18.0%）。甲半月上的红斑较少见（5.1%），但对严重 AA 非常特异。指甲变化对指甲相关 QoL 的影响极小。总之，指甲受累在 AA 患者中很常见，主要表现为凹坑和甲纵嵴。这些指甲变化的存在反映了疾病的严重程度，甲半月上的红斑是严重脱发的预测指标。
