心血管代谢危险因素的患病率：印度新德里市区在职成年人的横断面研究

Prevalence of Cardio-metabolic Risk Factors: A Cross-sectional Study among Employed Adults in Urban Delhi, India.

作者信息

Shokeen Deepa, Aeri Bani Tamber

机构信息

Senior Research Fellow, Department of Food and Nutrition, Delhi University, New Delhi, India.

Assistant Professor, Department of Food and Nutrition, Delhi University, New Delhi, India.

出版信息

J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Aug;11(8):LC01-LC04. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/29087.10336. Epub 2017 Aug 1.

DOI:10.7860/JCDR/2017/29087.10336

PMID:28969161

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5620802/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Many studies have shown increasing prevalence of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) among employed adults. Metabolic Syndrome (MS) which is a predictor of increasing CVD is a cluster of risk factors like central obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycaemia and hypertension. Heredity, poor dietary choice, unhealthy lifestyle, job stress are some of the causes responsible for increased prevalence of cardiovascular risk among employed adults.

AIM

To measure the prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk factors among employed adults in urban Delhi, India.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Study design was cross-sectional with purposive sampling of 200 apparently healthy adults (both males and females) working in urban Delhi, India. Sociodemographic profile, anthropometric measurements (height, weight and waist circumference) and biochemical measurements (lipid profile and fasting glucose) and blood pressure were documented. Physical activity pattern was assessed using WHO Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). Univariate and multivariate regression analysis for associating cardio-metabolic risk factors among adults were performed using the SPSS 18.0 software.

RESULTS

High prevalence of metabolic syndrome among males (66.6%) and females (57.2%) of 25 to 45 years of age was reported. Overall prevalence of MS was 62% among the study population. Central obesity (50.5%, p<0.04), low HDL (62%, p<0.05), hypertriglyceridemia (56.5%, p<0.00), hypertension (39%, p<0.00) and high fasting glucose (10.5%, p<0.76) were the most common abnormalities among males and females. Incidence of high BMI (54.5%, p<0.05) was positively correlated with MS risk factors. Associated cardio-metabolic risk factors besides MS were family history (43.5%, p<0.72), smoking (17.6%, p<0.001), drinking (18%, p<0.001) and physical inactivity. It was found that 32.8% of the subjects had low, 60.4% had moderate and only 7.0% had high physical activity.

CONCLUSION

Employed adults in urban Delhi, India are at high risk of developing CVD due to high prevalence of MS and high Body Mass Index (BMI).

摘要

引言

许多研究表明，在职成年人中心血管疾病（CVD）的患病率呈上升趋势。代谢综合征（MS）是心血管疾病增加的一个预测指标，它是一组危险因素，如中心性肥胖、血脂异常、高血糖和高血压。遗传、不良的饮食选择、不健康的生活方式、工作压力是在职成年人心血管疾病风险患病率增加的一些原因。

目的

测量印度德里市在职成年人中心血管代谢危险因素的患病率。

材料与方法

研究设计为横断面研究，采用目的抽样法，选取200名在印度德里市工作的明显健康的成年人（男性和女性）。记录社会人口学特征、人体测量指标（身高、体重和腰围）、生化指标（血脂谱和空腹血糖）以及血压。使用世界卫生组织全球身体活动问卷（GPAQ）评估身体活动模式。使用SPSS 18.0软件对成年人中心血管代谢危险因素进行单因素和多因素回归分析。

结果

报告显示，25至45岁的男性（66.6%）和女性（57.2%）中代谢综合征的患病率较高。研究人群中MS的总体患病率为62%。中心性肥胖（50.5%，p<0.04）、低高密度脂蛋白（62%，p<0.05）、高甘油三酯血症（56.5%，p<0.00）、高血压（39%，p<0.00）和高空腹血糖（10.5%，p<0.76）是男性和女性中最常见的异常情况。高体重指数（BMI）的发生率（54.5%，p<0.05）与MS危险因素呈正相关。除MS外，相关的心血管代谢危险因素还有家族史（43.5%，p<0.72）、吸烟（17.6%，p<0.001）、饮酒（18%，p<0.001）和身体活动不足。结果发现，32.8%的受试者身体活动水平低，60.