Chala Mulugeta Bayisa, Mekonnen Solomon, Andargie Gashaw, Kebede Yigzaw, Yitayal Mezgebu, Alemu Kassahun, Awoke Tadesse, Wubeshet Mamo, Azmeraw Temesgen, Birku Melkamu, Tariku Amare, Gebeyehu Abebaw, Shimeka Alemayehu, Gizaw Zemichael
Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, P.o. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
BMC Public Health. 2017 Oct 2;17(1):762. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4763-0.
Despite the high burden of disability in Ethiopia, little is known about it, particularly in the study area. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with disability at Dabat Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) site, northwest Ethiopia.
A population-based study was conducted from October to December 2014 at Dabat HDSS site. A total of 67,395 people were included in the study. The multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with disability. The Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was estimated to show the strength of association. A p-value of <0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.
One thousand two hundred twenty-eight individuals were reported to have a disability giving a prevalence rate of 1.82%, of which, about 39% was related to a vision disability. The high odds of disability were observed among the elderly (≥50 years) [AOR: 4.49; 95% CI: 1.95, 10.33], severely food in-secured [AOR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.59, 2.80], and separated marital status [AOR: 7.52; 95% CI: 1.18, 47.84]. While having a paid job [AOR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.28, 0.77], being in the richest quintile [AOR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.41, 0.75], and high engagement in work-related physical activities [AOR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.49] were inversely associated with the disability.
Disability is a major public health problem, and the burden is noticeable in the study area. Vision disability is the highest of all disabilities. Thus, efforts must be made on educating the public about disability and injury prevention. Measures that reduce disability should target the elderly, the poorer and the unemployed segment of the population.
尽管埃塞俄比亚的残疾负担很重，但人们对其了解甚少，尤其是在研究区域。因此，本研究旨在调查埃塞俄比亚西北部达巴特卫生与人口监测系统（HDSS）站点的残疾患病率及相关因素。
2014年10月至12月在达巴特HDSS站点进行了一项基于人群的研究。共有67395人纳入研究。采用多变量二元逻辑回归分析来确定与残疾相关的因素。估计调整后的优势比（AOR）及95%置信区间（CI）以显示关联强度。p值<0.05被用于判定统计学显著性。
报告有1228人存在残疾，患病率为1.82%，其中约39%与视力残疾有关。在老年人（≥50岁）中观察到较高的残疾几率[AOR：4.49；95%CI：1.95，10.33]，严重粮食不安全人群中[AOR：2.11；95%CI：1.59，2.80]，以及分居婚姻状况人群中[AOR：7.52；95%CI：1.18，47.84]。而有带薪工作[AOR：0.46；95%CI：0.28，0.77]、处于最富裕五分位数组[AOR：0.55；95%CI：0.41，0.75]以及高度参与与工作相关的体力活动[AOR：0.36；95%CI：0.27，0.49]与残疾呈负相关。
残疾是一个主要的公共卫生问题，在研究区域负担明显。视力残疾是所有残疾类型中占比最高的。因此，必须努力对公众进行残疾及伤害预防教育。减少残疾的措施应针对老年人、较贫困人群和失业人群。
