埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉地区残疾学生的龋齿患病率及相关因素。
The prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among students living with disability in the Amhara region, Ethiopia.
机构信息
Department of Dentistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Clin Exp Dent Res. 2022 Dec;8(6):1505-1515. doi: 10.1002/cre2.646. Epub 2022 Aug 15.
OBJECTIVES
People living with disability are more vulnerable to dental caries and have a high decayed, missed, and filled permanent teeth (DMFT) index and untreated dental disease than nondisabled individuals. In Ethiopia, there is a dearth of information on the oral health status of the disabled population. Hence, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of dental caries and its predictors among special needs school students in the Amhara region, Ethiopia.
METHODS
An institution-based cross-sectional study was done on special needs school students in the Amhara region from November 2020 to April 2021. The study participants were recruited using a simple random sampling technique using a computer random generator. Data collection was done using the World Health Organization oral health survey tool. Data entry was done using Epi-data 4.6 and analyzed using SPSS 26. A logistic regression model was used to identify the possible predictors of dental caries.
RESULTS
Four hundred and forty-three students with a mean age of 15.8 ± 3.8 were included in the study. The prevalence of dental caries was 41.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 36.3, 46.0) in permanent dentition with a mean DMFT score of 1.3 ± 1.6. The prevalence of dental caries in primary dentition was 23.1% (95% CI: 11.9, 32.1) with a mean decayed, missed, and filled primary teeth (dmft) score of 1.9 ± 0.2. Being 7-12 years old (adjusted odds ratios [AOR] = 3.6, 95% CI: 1.6, 8.3), lower grade level (AOR = 2.4, 95% CI:1.3,4.4), poor oral hygiene status (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.3, 4.8), and lack of parental support during tooth brushing (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2, 4.1) were independent predictors of dental caries.
CONCLUSIONS
A significant amount of special needs school students in the study area had dental caries. Age, grade level, oral hygiene status, and lack of parent support during tooth brushing were independent predictors of dental caries.
目的
与非残疾个体相比，残疾人群更容易出现龋齿，且其患龋齿、失牙、补牙（DMFT）指数和未经治疗的口腔疾病的比率更高。在埃塞俄比亚，关于残疾人群口腔健康状况的信息十分匮乏。因此，本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉地区特殊需要学校学生的龋齿患病率及其预测因素。
方法
2020 年 11 月至 2021 年 4 月，我们在阿姆哈拉地区的特殊需要学校进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。采用计算机随机发生器的简单随机抽样技术招募研究参与者。使用世界卫生组织口腔健康调查工具进行数据收集。数据录入使用 Epi-data 4.6 进行，采用 SPSS 26 进行分析。采用逻辑回归模型来确定龋齿的可能预测因素。
结果
本研究共纳入 443 名年龄均数为 15.8±3.8 岁的学生。恒牙龋齿患病率为 41.5%（95%置信区间[CI]：36.3，46.0），DMFT 均数为 1.3±1.6。乳牙龋齿患病率为 23.1%（95% CI：11.9，32.1），dmft 均数为 1.9±0.2。7-12 岁（调整后的优势比[AOR] = 3.6，95% CI：1.6，8.3）、较低年级（AOR = 2.4，95% CI：1.3，4.4）、口腔卫生状况差（AOR = 2.5，95% CI：1.3，4.8）和缺乏父母在刷牙时的支持（AOR = 2.2，95% CI：1.2，4.1）是龋齿的独立预测因素。
结论
研究地区有相当数量的特殊需要学校学生患有龋齿。年龄、年级、口腔卫生状况和父母在刷牙时缺乏支持是龋齿的独立预测因素。
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