Špitalská Eva, Minichová Lenka, Kocianová Elena, Škultéty Ľudovít, Mahríková Lenka, Hamšíková Zuzana, Slovák Mirko, Kazimírová Mária
Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 06, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Parasitol Res. 2017 Nov;116(11):3087-3095. doi: 10.1007/s00436-017-5620-x. Epub 2017 Oct 3.
Wild-living rodents are important hosts for zoonotic pathogens. Bartonella infections are widespread in rodents; however, in Slovakia, knowledge on the prevalence of these bacteria in small mammals is limited. We investigated the prevalence and diversity of Bartonella species in the spleens of 640 rodents of six species (Apodemus flavicollis, Apodemus sylvaticus, Myodes glareolus, Microtus arvalis, Microtus subterraneus, and Micromys minutus) and in the European mole (Talpa europaea) from three different habitat types in south-western and central Slovakia. Overall, the prevalence of Bartonella spp. in rodents was 64.8%; a rate of 73.8% was found in natural habitat (deciduous forest), 56.0% in suburban forest park and 64.9% in rural habitat. Bartonella spp. were detected in 63.0% of A. flavicollis, 69% of My. glareolus and 61.1% of M. arvalis and in T. europaea. However, Bartonella were not found in the other examined rodents. Molecular analyses of the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer region revealed the presence of four different Bartonella spp. clusters. We identified B. taylorii, B. rochalimae, B. elizabethae, B. grahamii and Bartonella sp. wbs11 in A. flavicollis and My. glareolus. Bartonella genotypes ascribed to B. taylorii and B. rochalimae were found in M. arvalis. B. taylorii was identified in T. europaea. Questing Ixodes ricinus ticks that were collected at the study sites were not infected with Bartonella. This study improves our understanding of the ecoepidemiology of Bartonella spp. in Europe and underlines the necessity for further research on Bartonella-host-vector associations and their consequences on animal and human health in Slovakia.
野生啮齿动物是人畜共患病原体的重要宿主。巴尔通体感染在啮齿动物中广泛存在；然而，在斯洛伐克，关于这些细菌在小型哺乳动物中的流行情况的了解有限。我们调查了来自斯洛伐克西南部和中部三种不同栖息地类型的六种啮齿动物（黄颈姬鼠、小林姬鼠、林姬鼠、普通田鼠、地下田鼠和巢鼠）以及欧洲鼹鼠（欧洲鼹）脾脏中巴尔通体物种的流行情况和多样性。总体而言，啮齿动物中巴尔通体属的流行率为64.8%；在自然栖息地（落叶林）中发现的流行率为73.8%，在城郊森林公园中为56.0%，在农村栖息地中为64.9%。在63.0%的黄颈姬鼠、69%的林姬鼠和61.1%的普通田鼠以及欧洲鼹中检测到巴尔通体属。然而，在其他检测的啮齿动物中未发现巴尔通体。对16S - 23S rRNA基因间隔区的分子分析揭示了四种不同的巴尔通体属聚类的存在。我们在黄颈姬鼠和林姬鼠中鉴定出泰勒巴尔通体、罗沙利马巴尔通体、伊丽莎白巴尔通体、格雷厄姆巴尔通体和巴尔通体菌株wbs11。在普通田鼠中发现了归属于泰勒巴尔通体和罗沙利马巴尔通体的巴尔通体基因型。在欧洲鼹中鉴定出泰勒巴尔通体。在研究地点采集的饥饿蓖麻硬蜱未感染巴尔通体。这项研究增进了我们对欧洲巴尔通体属生态流行病学的理解，并强调有必要进一步研究斯洛伐克的巴尔通体 - 宿主 - 媒介关联及其对动物和人类健康的影响。
