Teresi Jeanne A, Jones Richard N
Weill Cornell Medical College, Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine.
Research Division, Hebrew Home at Riverdale; RiverSpring Health.
Psychol Test Assess Model. 2016;58(1):37-78.
The purpose of this article is to introduce the methods used and challenges confronted by the authors of this two-part series of articles describing the results of analyses of measurement equivalence of the short form scales from the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). Qualitative and quantitative approaches used to examine differential item functioning (DIF) are reviewed briefly. Qualitative methods focused on generation of DIF hypotheses. The basic quantitative approaches used all rely on a latent variable model, and examine parameters either derived directly from item response theory (IRT) or from structural equation models (SEM). A key methods focus of these articles is to describe state-of-the art approaches to examination of measurement equivalence in eight domains: physical health, pain, fatigue, sleep, depression, anxiety, cognition, and social function. These articles represent the first time that DIF has been examined systematically in the PROMIS short form measures, particularly among ethnically diverse groups. This is also the first set of analyses to examine the performance of PROMIS short forms in patients with cancer. Latent variable model state-of-the-art methods for examining measurement equivalence are introduced briefly in this paper to orient readers to the approaches adopted in this set of papers. Several methodological challenges underlying (DIF-free) anchor item selection and model assumption violations are presented as a backdrop for the articles in this two-part series on measurement equivalence of PROMIS measures.
本文的目的是介绍这两篇系列文章的作者所使用的方法以及所面临的挑战。这两篇文章描述了患者报告结局测量信息系统（PROMIS）简表测量等效性分析的结果。简要回顾了用于检查项目功能差异（DIF）的定性和定量方法。定性方法侧重于生成DIF假设。所使用的基本定量方法均依赖于潜变量模型，并检查直接从项目反应理论（IRT）或结构方程模型（SEM）导出的参数。这些文章的一个关键方法重点是描述在八个领域检查测量等效性的最新方法：身体健康、疼痛、疲劳、睡眠、抑郁、焦虑、认知和社会功能。这些文章首次在PROMIS简表测量中系统地检查了DIF，特别是在不同种族群体中。这也是第一组分析PROMIS简表在癌症患者中的表现的研究。本文简要介绍了用于检查测量等效性的潜变量模型最新方法，以使读者了解这组论文所采用的方法。作为这两篇关于PROMIS测量等效性系列文章的背景，提出了（无DIF）锚定项目选择和模型假设违反背后的几个方法学挑战。
