Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
Department of Psychology, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 6;7(1):12789. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-13048-1.
Associations between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and cognitive function have been observed in a few longitudinal studies. Our aim was to investigate the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and episodic memory, a marker of early cognitive decline. We used data from the Betula study in Northern Sweden, and included participants 60 to 85 of age at inclusion, 1,469 persons in total. The participants were followed for up to 22 years, five years apart between 1988 and 2010. A composite of five tasks was used as a measure of episodic memory measure (EMM), and the five-year change in EMM score (ΔEMM) was calculated such that a participant could contribute with up to four measurement pairs. A Land Use Regression Model was used to estimate cumulative annual mean of NOx at the residential address of the participants (a marker for long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution). There did not seem to be any association between exposure to traffic air pollution and episodic memory change, with a ΔEMM estimate of per 1 µg/m3 increase in NOx of 0.01 (95% Confidence Interval: -0.02,0.03). This is in contrast to a growing body of evidence suggesting associations between air pollution and cognitive function.
一些纵向研究观察到长期暴露于环境空气污染与认知功能之间存在关联。我们的目的是研究空气污染与情景记忆（认知衰退的早期标志物）之间的关联。我们使用了来自瑞典北部的桦树研究的数据，总共纳入了 1469 名年龄在 60 至 85 岁之间的参与者。参与者的随访时间最长可达 22 年，1988 年至 2010 年期间每隔五年进行一次随访。使用五项任务的组合作为情景记忆测量（EMM）的指标，并计算 EMM 评分的五年变化（ΔEMM），以便参与者最多可以提供四个测量对。使用土地利用回归模型来估算参与者居住地址处的 NOx 年平均累积值（交通相关空气污染的长期暴露标志物）。暴露于交通空气污染与情景记忆变化之间似乎没有任何关联，NOx 每增加 1μg/m3，ΔEMM 的估计值为 0.01（95%置信区间：-0.02，0.03）。这与越来越多的证据表明空气污染与认知功能之间存在关联形成鲜明对比。
