Centro de Controle de Zoonoses, Vigilância em Saúde, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Prefeitura Municipal de Resende, Rua Euridices Paulina de Almeida, 300, Vicentina II, Resende, RJ 27500-000, Brazil.
Fiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Estrada Rodrigues Caldas, 3400, Taquara, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22713-375, Brazil.
Infect Genet Evol. 2019 Oct;74:103293. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.10.005. Epub 2017 Oct 5.
Dogs have different susceptibility degrees to leishmaniasis; however, genetic research on this theme is scarce, manly on visceral form. The aims of this systematic review were to describe and discuss the existing scientific findings on genetic susceptibility to canine leishmaniasis, as well as to show the gaps of the existing knowledge. Twelve articles were selected, including breed immunological studies, genome wide associations or other gene polymorphism or gene sequencing studies, and transcription approaches. As main results of literature, there was a suggestion of genetic clinical resistance background for Ibizan Hound dogs, and alleles associated with protection or susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis in Boxer dogs. Genetic markers can explain phenotypic variance in both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and in cellular immune responses, including antigen presentation. Many gene segments are involved in canine visceral leishmaniasis phenotype, with Natural Resistance Associated Macrophage Protein 1 (NRAMP1) as the most studied. This was related to both protection and susceptibility. In comparison with murine and human genetic approaches, lack of knowledge in dogs is notorious, with many possibilities for new studies, revealing a wide field to be assessed on canine leishmaniasis susceptibility research.
狗对利什曼病的易感性程度不同；然而，关于这一主题的遗传研究很少，主要是针对内脏形式的研究。本系统综述的目的是描述和讨论有关犬利什曼病遗传易感性的现有科学发现，并展示现有知识的空白。共选择了 12 篇文章，包括品种免疫研究、全基因组关联或其他基因多态性或基因测序研究以及转录方法。作为文献的主要结果，表明伊比沙猎犬具有遗传临床抗利什曼病的背景，以及与拳师犬内脏利什曼病的保护或易感性相关的等位基因。遗传标记可以解释促炎和抗炎细胞因子以及细胞免疫反应（包括抗原呈递）中的表型变异。许多基因片段参与犬内脏利什曼病的表型，其中天然抗性相关巨噬细胞蛋白 1（NRAMP1）是研究最多的。这与保护和易感性都有关。与鼠类和人类的遗传方法相比，犬类的知识明显缺乏，有许多新的研究可能性，这表明在犬类利什曼病易感性研究方面有广泛的领域需要评估。
