Oshio Takashi, Tsutsumi Akizumi, Inoue Akiomi, Suzuki Tomoko, Miyaki Koichi
Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University.
Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine.
J Occup Health. 2017 Nov 25;59(6):552-561. doi: 10.1539/joh.17-0178-OA. Epub 2017 Oct 7.
Sickness presenteeism (SP) is postulated as workers' response to their general state of health; hence, SP is expected to affect workers' future health. In the present study, we examined the reciprocal relationship between SP and health in response to job stressors, with specific reference to psychological distress (PD) as workers' state of health.
We conducted mediation analysis, using data from a three-wave cohort occupational survey conducted at 1-year intervals in Japan; it involved 1,853 employees (1,661 men and 192 women) of a manufacturing firm. We measured SP and PD, using the World Health Organization Health and Work Performance Questionnaire and Kessler 6 score, respectively. For job stressors, we considered job demands and control, effort and reward, and procedural and interactional justice.
PD mediated 11.5%-36.2% of the impact of job control, reward, and procedural and interactional justice on SP, whereas SP mediated their impact on PD, albeit to a much lesser extent in the range of 3.4%-11.3%. Unlike in the cases of these job stressors related to job resources, neither SP nor PD mediated the impact of job demands or effort.
Our results confirmed the reciprocal relationship between SP and PD in response to selected types of job stressors, emphasizing the need for more in-depth analysis of the dynamics of these associations.
病残出勤被假定为员工对自身总体健康状况的反应；因此，病残出勤预计会影响员工未来的健康。在本研究中，我们考察了病残出勤与健康在应对工作压力源方面的相互关系，特别提及心理困扰作为员工健康状况的情况。
我们使用在日本每隔1年进行一次的三波队列职业调查数据进行中介分析；该调查涉及一家制造公司的1853名员工（1661名男性和192名女性）。我们分别使用世界卫生组织健康与工作绩效问卷和凯斯勒6项量表来测量病残出勤和心理困扰。对于工作压力源，我们考虑了工作要求与控制、努力与回报以及程序公正与互动公正。
心理困扰在工作控制、回报以及程序公正与互动公正对病残出勤的影响中起到了11.5% - 36.2%的中介作用，而病残出勤也介导了它们对心理困扰的影响，尽管程度要小得多，在3.4% - 11.3%的范围内。与这些与工作资源相关的工作压力源的情况不同，病残出勤和心理困扰均未介导工作要求或努力的影响。
我们的结果证实了病残出勤与心理困扰在应对特定类型工作压力源方面的相互关系，强调需要对这些关联的动态变化进行更深入的分析。
