Petry Nathalia, Vasconcelos Francisco de Assis Guedes de, Costa Larissa da Cunha Feio
Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2017 Oct 9;33(9):e00048716. doi: 10.1590/0102-311X00048716.
According to the phenomenological approach, observing a phenomenon through the perspective of those who lived it may be necessary to acquire fully comprehension of it. Therefore, to fully understand the eating behavior during anorexia nervosa and during its recovery, this study investigated individual perceptions and feelings of three women recovering from anorexia nervosa. This study is characterized as a qualitative research with phenomenological approach. The data were collected through interviews and analyzed following steps proposed by phenomenology researchers. During the anorexia nervosa experience, food restriction and irregular meal patterns were observed. Controlling food intake was associated with happiness. Guilt, anguish, sadness, fear and anger were associated with eating, and food was considered a villain. An obsessive thinking about food and a paradox between liking to eat and not wanting to eat were also observed. During recovery, it is important to have a more flexible eating behavior without negative feelings regarding food; however, feelings of guilty and fear were still detected. Perceptions about contact with nutritionists revealed the use of ineffective strategies. Although similarities were found in all reports, every woman had their own particular and singular experience. Rescuing their memories and experiences through their speech was important to fully understand and comprehend these personal experiences, and this complete understanding may enable health professionals to act more efficiently in the treatment of this complex phenomenon.
根据现象学方法，从经历某一现象的人的视角去观察该现象，对于全面理解它可能是必要的。因此，为了充分了解神经性厌食症期间及其康复过程中的饮食行为，本研究调查了三名从神经性厌食症中康复的女性的个人认知和感受。本研究被定性为一项采用现象学方法的定性研究。数据通过访谈收集，并按照现象学研究者提出的步骤进行分析。在神经性厌食症发作期间，观察到食物限制和不规律的饮食模式。控制食物摄入量与幸福感相关。内疚、痛苦、悲伤、恐惧和愤怒与进食相关，并且食物被视为罪魁祸首。还观察到对食物的强迫性思维以及想吃与不想吃之间的矛盾。在康复过程中，重要的是要有更灵活的饮食行为，且对食物没有负面情绪；然而，仍能察觉到内疚和恐惧的情绪。对与营养师接触的认知揭示了无效策略的使用。尽管在所有报告中都发现了相似之处，但每位女性都有其独特的个人经历。通过她们的讲述来挽救她们的记忆和经历，对于充分理解和领会这些个人经历很重要，而这种全面理解可能使健康专业人员在治疗这一复杂现象时能更有效地采取行动。
