Settipane Russell A, Peters Anju T, Chiu Alexander G
Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2013 May 1;27(3):20-25. doi: 10.2500/ajra.2013.27.3926.
Nasal polyps occur in 1-4% of the population, usually occurring in the setting of an underlying local or systemic disease. The most common associated condition is chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). A high prevalence of nasal polyps is also seen in allergic fungal rhinosinusitis, aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease, Churg-Strauss syndrome, and cystic fibrosis. In the setting of CRS, nasal polyps are not likely to be cured by either medical or surgical therapy; however, control is generally attainable. The best medical evidence supports the use of intranasal corticosteroids for maintenance therapy and short courses of oral corticosteroids for exacerbations. The evidence for short- and long-term antibiotics is much less robust. For patients with symptomatic nasal polyposis nonresponsive to medical therapies, functional endoscopic sinus surgery provides an adjunctive therapeutic option.
鼻息肉在1%至4%的人群中出现，通常发生在潜在的局部或全身性疾病背景下。最常见的相关病症是慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRS）。在变应性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎、阿司匹林加重性呼吸道疾病、变应性肉芽肿性血管炎和囊性纤维化中也可见到高鼻息肉患病率。在CRS背景下，鼻息肉不太可能通过药物或手术治疗治愈；然而，通常可以实现控制。最佳医学证据支持使用鼻内糖皮质激素进行维持治疗，以及使用短期口服糖皮质激素治疗病情加重。短期和长期使用抗生素的证据则不那么确凿。对于对药物治疗无反应的有症状鼻息肉病患者，功能性内镜鼻窦手术提供了一种辅助治疗选择。
