Form the aMOE and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; bDepartment of Neonatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; cDepartment of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; dDepartment of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan; and eDepartment of Pathophysiological Laboratory Sciences, Field of Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 461-8673, Japan.
Epidemiology. 2017 Oct;28 Suppl 1:S35-S40. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000721.
Use of organophosphate pesticides (OPs) is widespread in China. Although animal studies suggested that OP exposure could affect thyroid function, little is explored in human populations.
We investigated levels of OP exposure in pregnant women and the relationship between OPs and thyroid hormones in Shandong, China. We enrolled 637 pregnant women from April 2011 to December 2013. OP exposure was assessed by a questionnaire administered to the pregnant women in the hospital and by analyses of urinary dialkylphosphate (DAP) metabolites of OPs in pregnant women (n = 413). We measured the concentration of five thyroid hormones in serum samples in pregnant women (n = 325) and analyzed the association between DAP metabolites of OPs and thyroid hormones (n = 325).
Median levels of DAP metabolites were 9.81 μg/L for dimethylphosphate (DMP), 0.79 μg/L for dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP), 5.00 μg/L for diethylphosphate (DEP), and 0.78 μg/L for diethylthiophosphate (DETP), which were higher than those reported in developed countries. We found that the total DAP concentration (the sum of DMP, DMTP, DEP, and DETP) in urine was positively associated with free T4 levels (β = 0.137; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.012, 0.263) and negatively associated with thyroid-stimulating hormone levels (β = -0.145; 95% CI = -0.242, -0.048).
The findings suggest that OP exposure may be associated with changes in thyroid function in pregnant women. Given that urinary OP levels in pregnant women in Shandong were much higher than those reported in developed countries, further studies on the effects of OP exposure on thyroid function in pregnant women in China are warranted.
有机磷农药（OPs）在中国的使用非常广泛。虽然动物研究表明，OP 暴露可能会影响甲状腺功能，但在人类群体中，这方面的研究还很少。
我们在中国山东调查了孕妇的 OP 暴露水平以及 OP 与甲状腺激素之间的关系。我们招募了 2011 年 4 月至 2013 年 12 月期间的 637 名孕妇。通过对孕妇在医院的问卷调查和对孕妇尿中二烷基磷酸酯（DAP）代谢物的分析来评估 OP 暴露情况（n=413）。我们测量了 325 名孕妇血清样本中五种甲状腺激素的浓度，并分析了 OP 的 DAP 代谢物与甲状腺激素之间的关系（n=325）。
DAP 代谢物的中位数水平分别为：DMP 为 9.81μg/L，DMTP 为 0.79μg/L，DEP 为 5.00μg/L，DETP 为 0.78μg/L，均高于发达国家的报道水平。我们发现，尿液中总 DAP 浓度（DMP、DMTP、DEP 和 DETP 的总和）与游离 T4 水平呈正相关（β=0.137；95%置信区间 [CI]：0.012，0.263），与促甲状腺激素水平呈负相关（β=-0.145；95%CI：-0.242，-0.048）。
这些发现表明，OP 暴露可能与孕妇甲状腺功能的变化有关。鉴于山东孕妇的尿中 OP 水平远高于发达国家的报道水平，因此有必要进一步研究中国孕妇 OP 暴露对甲状腺功能的影响。
