Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2018 Apr 1;13(4):517-523. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2017-0171. Epub 2018 May 22.
Despite the terms' often being used interchangeably, it has been suggested that perceptions of effort and perceptions of exertion may differ. Eccentric (ECC) cycling may provide a model of exercise by which differences between these perceptions can be examined.
To examine and compare perceptions of effort and exertion during ECC and concentric (CONC) cycling at 4 intensities.
Ten healthy male participants (mean [SD]: age = 29.8 [2.3] y) performed an incremental cycling test for the determination of maximal aerobic power output, followed in a randomized and crossover design, by four 5-min bouts (30%, 60%, 80%, and maximal) of either ECC or CONC cycling. Through each bout, participants were asked to report their perceived effort, exertion, and muscle pain. Heart rate and oxygen consumption were continuously recorded throughout each bout.
Perceived exertion was greater for CONC at 30% (8.5 [1.5] vs 7.1 [1.8]; P = .01), 60% (12.4 [1.4] vs 10.3 [2.0]; P = .01), 80% (15.8 [1.7] vs 12.4 [2.5]; P < .01), and maximal (17.2 [1.3] vs 15.6 [1.8]; P = .03) in comparison with ECC. Perceptions of effort and pain were similar between CONC and ECC. Heart rate and oxygen consumption were greater during CONC than ECC.
Perceived exertion was greater during CONC compared with ECC cycling, yet effort was similar between conditions despite different physiological stress. Such findings have implications for understanding the development of such perceptions during exercise.
尽管这两个术语经常互换使用，但有人认为，努力感和用力感可能不同。离心（ECC）循环可能提供一种运动模型，可以通过这种模型来检查这两种感觉之间的差异。
检查和比较在 4 种强度下 ECC 和向心（CONC）循环时的努力感和用力感。
10 名健康男性参与者（平均[标准差]：年龄=29.8[2.3]岁）进行递增式踏车测试，以确定最大有氧功率输出，然后按照随机交叉设计，进行 4 个 5 分钟的回合（30%、60%、80%和最大）的 ECC 或 CONC 循环。在每个回合中，参与者被要求报告他们的感知努力、用力感和肌肉疼痛。在每个回合中，连续记录心率和耗氧量。
在 30%（8.5[1.5]比 7.1[1.8]；P=0.01）、60%（12.4[1.4]比 10.3[2.0]；P=0.01）、80%（15.8[1.7]比 12.4[2.5]；P<0.01）和最大强度（17.2[1.3]比 15.6[1.8]；P=0.03）时，CONC 的用力感大于 ECC。CONC 和 ECC 之间的努力感和疼痛感相似。CONC 时的心率和耗氧量大于 ECC。
与 ECC 循环相比，CONC 时的用力感更大，但尽管生理应激不同，两种条件下的努力感相似。这些发现对理解运动中这些感觉的发展具有重要意义。
