Rizk Mohamed Abdo, Salama Akram, El-Sayed Shimaa Abd-El-Salam, Elsify Ahmed, El-Ashkar Maged, Ibrahim Hussam, Youssef Mohamed, El-Khodery Sabry
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Acta Parasitol. 2017 Dec 20;62(4):796-804. doi: 10.1515/ap-2017-0096.
In present study, blood samples were collected randomly from 439 cows at three main regions of Egypt (northern, central and southern). Molecular diagnosis of Babesia and Theileria infections by PCR amplification of DNA (gene) fragments, then cloning and sequencing of the positive samples were conducted. A questionnaire was created to imply the assumed risk factors and logistic regression statistical analysis was carried out to appraise the potential factors on the animal level. The results revealed that 49 (11.16%) and 45 (10.25%) cattle were infected with Babesia and Theileria parasites, respectively. B. bigemina (7.97%) and T. annulata (9.56%) were the most prevalent parasites. For Babesia sp., final multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between the infection and irregular use of antiprotozoal drugs (P = 0.003; OR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.12-0.65), management practice (P = 0.029; OR: 6.66; 95% CI: 1.21-36.59) and ecology area (P = 0.006; OR: 5.62; 95% CI: 1.63-19.31). However, for Theileria sp. infection, animal breed (P = 0.003; OR: 0.44; 95% CI: .45-1.00) and irregular use of antiprotozoal drugs (P<0.001; OR: 4.22; 95% CI: 2.62-5.60) were the potential risk factors. The results of the present study declare the prevalent bovine Babesia and Theileria sp. in Egypt based on molecular description. An impression on the potential risk factors associated with infections was obtained. Recognition of the potential risk factors associated with tick borne disease may be helpful to construct the best preventive measures.
在本研究中，从埃及三个主要地区（北部、中部和南部）的439头奶牛中随机采集血样。通过对DNA（基因）片段进行PCR扩增对巴贝斯虫和泰勒虫感染进行分子诊断，然后对阳性样本进行克隆和测序。创建了一份问卷以暗示假定的风险因素，并进行逻辑回归统计分析以评估动物层面的潜在因素。结果显示，分别有49头（11.16%）和45头（10.25%）牛感染了巴贝斯虫和泰勒虫寄生虫。双芽巴贝斯虫（7.97%）和环形泰勒虫（9.56%）是最常见的寄生虫。对于巴贝斯虫属，最终多变量逻辑回归分析显示感染与抗寄生虫药物使用不规律（P = 0.003；OR：0.28；95% CI：0.12 - 0.65）、管理实践（P = 0.029；OR：6.66；95% CI：1.21 - 36.59）和生态区域（P = 0.006；OR：5.62；95% CI：1.63 - 19.31）之间存在显著关联。然而，对于泰勒虫属感染，动物品种（P = 0.003；OR：0.44；95% CI：0.25 - 1.00）和抗寄生虫药物使用不规律（P < 0.001；OR：4.22；95% CI：2.62 - 5.60）是潜在风险因素。本研究结果基于分子描述揭示了埃及流行的牛巴贝斯虫和泰勒虫属。获得了与感染相关的潜在风险因素的印象。识别与蜱传疾病相关的潜在风险因素可能有助于构建最佳预防措施。
