Grainer Alessandro, Zerbini Livio, Reggiani Carlo, Marcolin Giuseppe, Steele James, Pavei Gaspare, Paoli Antonio
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 3, 35131 Padova, Italy.
CeRiSM, Sport Mountain Health Research Center, 38068 Rovereto, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Oct 17;14(10):1235. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14101235.
Interest around Nordic Walking (NW) has increased in recent years. However, direct comparisons of NW with normal walking (W), particularly in ecologically valid environments is lacking. The aim of our study was to compare NW and W, over long distances in a natural mountain environment. Twenty one subjects (13 male/8 female, aged 41 ± 12 years, body mass index BMI 24.1 ± 3.7), walked three distinct uphill paths (length 2.2/3.4/7 km) with (NW) or without (W) walking poles over two separate days. Heart rate (HR), energy expenditure (EE), step length (SL), walking speed (WS), total steps number (SN) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were monitored. HR (+18%) and EE (+20%) were higher in NW than in W whilst RPE was similar. SN (-12%) was lower and SL (+15%) longer in NW. WS was higher (1.64 vs. 1.53 m s) in NW. Our data confirm that, similarly to previous laboratory studies, differences in a range of walking variables are present between NW and W when performed in a natural environment. NW appears to increase EE compared to W, despite a similar RPE. Thus, NW could be a useful as aerobic training modality for weight control and cardiorespiratory fitness.
近年来，人们对越野行走（NW）的兴趣有所增加。然而，目前缺乏将越野行走与正常行走（W）进行直接比较的研究，尤其是在生态有效环境中的比较。我们研究的目的是在自然山区环境中比较长距离的越野行走和正常行走。21名受试者（13名男性/8名女性，年龄41±12岁，体重指数BMI 24.1±3.7）在两天内分别沿着三条不同的上坡路径（长度分别为2.2/3.4/7公里）行走，一次使用（NW）行走杖，一次不使用（W）行走杖。监测心率（HR）、能量消耗（EE）、步长（SL）、行走速度（WS）、总步数（SN）和主观用力程度分级（RPE）。越野行走时的心率（+18%）和能量消耗（+20%）高于正常行走，而主观用力程度分级相似。越野行走时的总步数（-12%）较低，步长（+15%）较长。越野行走时的行走速度较高（1.64对1.53米/秒）。我们的数据证实，与之前的实验室研究类似，在自然环境中进行越野行走和正常行走时，一系列行走变量存在差异。与正常行走相比，越野行走似乎会增加能量消耗，尽管主观用力程度分级相似。因此，越野行走可能是一种有助于控制体重和提高心肺适能的有氧训练方式。
