Department of Biological Regeneration and Posture Correction, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland.
Department of Recreation and Biological Regeneration, Faculty of Tourism and Leisure, University of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland.
PLoS One. 2020 Apr 1;15(4):e0230917. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230917. eCollection 2020.
This study examined the effects of a 6-week Nordic Walking (NW) training, at the intensity corresponding to the dominance of lipid metabolism, on the levels of selected physiological indices, the haemodynamic indices of the cardiovascular system and physical fitness in sedentary women older than 55 years of age. In addition, the physiological response of the female body to the walking effort on treadmill with poles (NW) and without poles (W) was compared and the influence of training on this response was determined. A single group study with a pre-test/post-test study design was conducted. Eighteen women performed NW controlled intensity training 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Body composition, resting blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) as well as circulatory and respiratory indices in two graded walking efforts on mechanical treadmill NW and W were measured before and after training period. The intensity of workouts, which considered the dominance of lipid metabolism, was determined individually, based on the dynamics of changes in the level of physiological indices during the graded intensity NW. After the course of training, body mass, fat mass, resting BP and HR decreased significantly (p < 0.05). HR and respiratory exchange ratio recorded during NW and W at 1.75 m.s-1 walking speed decreased, while the oxygen pulse increased (p < 0.05). VO2max increased significantly (p < 0.05). Before and after the training period HR, oxygen uptake per minute, and energy expenditure during NW were significantly higher than in W (p < 0.05). The study showed that 6-week NW training at the intensity corresponding to the dominance of lipid metabolism can provide improvement in body composition, cardiovascular function and physical performance in previously sedentary women. NW compared to the regular walk with the same speed revealed higher energy expenditure.
本研究旨在探讨为期 6 周的北欧健走（Nordic Walking，NW）训练对 55 岁以上久坐女性的部分生理指标、心血管系统血液动力学指标和体能的影响。此外，还比较了女性身体对有杆和无杆 NW 跑步机行走的生理反应，并确定了训练对这种反应的影响。这是一项单组研究，采用前后测试设计。18 名女性每周进行 3 次 NW 控制强度训练，持续 6 周。在训练前后，测量了身体成分、静息血压（BP）、心率（HR）、最大摄氧量（VO2max）以及在机械跑步机上进行两个分级行走努力时的循环和呼吸指标。根据分级强度 NW 期间生理指标水平变化的动态，确定了考虑脂质代谢主导地位的锻炼强度，该强度是个体化的。经过训练后，体重、体脂、静息 BP 和 HR 均显著降低（p<0.05）。在 1.75 m/s 行走速度下，NW 和 W 时的 HR 和呼吸交换率降低，而氧脉冲增加（p<0.05）。VO2max 显著增加（p<0.05）。训练前后，NW 时的 HR、每分钟摄氧量和能量消耗均显著高于 W（p<0.05）。研究表明，6 周的脂质代谢主导强度 NW 训练可以改善久坐女性的身体成分、心血管功能和体能。与相同速度的常规行走相比，NW 消耗的能量更高。
