Made Felix, Wilson Kerry, Jina Ruxana, Tlotleng Nonhlanhla, Jack Samantha, Ntlebi Vusi, Kootbodien Tahira
The Epidemiology and Surveillance Section, National Institute for Occupational Health, National Health Laboratory Services, Gauteng Region, South Africa; The Wits School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
The Epidemiology and Surveillance Section, National Institute for Occupational Health, National Health Laboratory Services, Gauteng Region, South Africa.
Cancer Epidemiol. 2017 Dec;51:56-61. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2017.10.007. Epub 2017 Oct 15.
Cancer mortality rates are expected to increase in developing countries. Cancer mortality rates by province remain largely unreported in South Africa. This study described the 2014 age standardised cancer mortality rates by province in South Africa, to provide insight for strategic interventions and advocacy.
2014 deaths data were retrieved from Statistics South Africa. Deaths from cancer were extracted using 10th International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes for cancer (C00-C97). Adjusted 2013 mid-year population estimates were used as a standard population. All rates were calculated per 100 000 individuals.
Nearly 38 000 (8%) of the total deaths in South Africa in 2014 were attributed to cancer. Western Cape Province had the highest age standardised cancer mortality rate in South Africa (118, 95% CI: 115-121 deaths per 100 000 individuals), followed by the Northern Cape (113, 95% CI: 107-119 per 100 000 individuals), with the lowest rate in Limpopo Province (47, 95% CI: 45-49 per 100 000). The age standardised cancer mortality rate for men (71, 95% CI: 70-72 per 100 000 individuals) was similar to women (69, 95% CI: 68-70 per 100 000). Lung cancer was a major driver of cancer death in men (13, 95% CI: 12.6-13.4 per 100 000). In women, cervical cancer was the leading cause of cancer death (13, 95% CI: 12.6-13.4 per 100 000 individuals).
There is a need to further investigate the factors related to the differences in cancer mortality by province in South Africa. Raising awareness of risk factors and screening for cancer in the population along with improved access and quality of health care are also important.
预计发展中国家的癌症死亡率将会上升。在南非，各省的癌症死亡率大多未被报告。本研究描述了2014年南非各省的年龄标准化癌症死亡率，以便为战略干预和宣传提供参考。
从南非统计局获取2014年的死亡数据。使用第十版国际疾病分类（ICD）中的癌症编码（C00 - C97）提取癌症死亡数据。将2013年年中调整后的人口估计数用作标准人口。所有比率均按每10万人计算。
2014年南非总死亡人数中近38000人（8%）归因于癌症。西开普省的年龄标准化癌症死亡率在南非最高（每10万人中有118人死亡，95%置信区间：115 - 121），其次是北开普省（每10万人中有113人死亡，95%置信区间：107 - 119），林波波省的死亡率最低（每十万中有47人死亡，95%置信区间：45 - 49）。男性的年龄标准化癌症死亡率（每10万人中有71人死亡，95%置信区间：70 - 72）与女性（每10万人中有！69人死亡，95%置信区间：68 - 70）相似。肺癌是男性癌症死亡的主要原因（每10万人中有13人死亡，95%置信区间：12.6 - 13.4）。在女性中，宫颈癌是癌症死亡的主要原因（每10万人中有13人死亡，95%置信区间：12.6 - 13.4）。
有必要进一步调查与南非各省癌症死亡率差异相关的因素。提高人群对危险因素和癌症筛查的认识，以及改善医疗保健的可及性和质量也很重要。
