Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan.
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 2024 May 1;33(3):192-199. doi: 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000852. Epub 2023 Nov 24.
Non-communicable diseases have been rapidly increasing in African countries. We provided updated cancer death patterns in selected African countries over the last two decades.
We extracted official death certifications and population data from the WHO and the United Nations Population Division databases. We computed country- and sex-specific age-standardized mortality rates per 100 000 person-years for all cancers combined and ten major cancer sites for the periods 2005-2007 and 2015-2017.
Lung cancer ranked first for male cancer mortality in all selected countries in the last available period (with the highest rates in Réunion 24/100 000), except for South Africa where prostate cancer was the leading cause of death (23/100 000). Prostate cancer ranked second in Morocco and Tunisia and third in Mauritius and Réunion. Among Egyptian men, leukemia ranked second (with a stable rate of 4.2/100 000) and bladder cancer third (3.5/100 000). Among women, the leading cancer-related cause of death was breast cancer in all selected countries (with the highest rates in Mauritius 19.6/100 000 in 2015-2017), except for South Africa where uterus cancer ranked first (17/100 000). In the second rank there were colorectal cancer in Tunisia (2/100 000), Réunion (9/100 000) and Mauritius (8/100 000), and leukemia in Egypt (3.2/100 000). Colorectal and pancreas cancer mortality rates increased, while stomach cancer mortality rates declined.
Certified cancer mortality rates are low on a global scale. However, mortality rates from selected screening detectable cancers, as well as from infection-related cancers, are comparatively high, calling for improvements in prevention strategies.
非传染性疾病在非洲国家迅速增多。我们提供了过去二十年中选定的非洲国家癌症死亡模式的最新信息。
我们从世界卫生组织和联合国人口司数据库中提取了官方死亡证明和人口数据。我们计算了 2005-2007 年和 2015-2017 年期间所有癌症和十个主要癌症部位的按性别和年龄标准化死亡率，每 100000 人年。
在过去的可用时期，除南非外，所有选定国家的男性癌症死亡率中，肺癌均位居首位（留尼汪最高，为 24/100000），在南非，前列腺癌是导致死亡的主要原因（23/100000）。前列腺癌在摩洛哥和突尼斯排名第二，在毛里求斯和留尼汪排名第三。在埃及男性中，白血病排名第二（稳定率为 4.2/100000），膀胱癌排名第三（3.5/100000）。在女性中，所有选定国家的癌症相关死亡主要原因均为乳腺癌（2015-2017 年毛里求斯最高，为 19.6/100000），南非除外，那里的子宫癌排名第一（17/100000）。在第二位，突尼斯（2/100000）、留尼汪（9/100000）和毛里求斯（8/100000）为结直肠癌，埃及为白血病（3.2/100000）。结直肠癌和胰腺癌死亡率上升，而胃癌死亡率下降。
全球范围内，经认证的癌症死亡率较低。然而，某些可筛查的癌症以及与感染相关的癌症的死亡率相对较高，这需要改进预防策略。
