National Institute for Occupational Health, National Health Laboratory Services, Constitution Hill, Johannesburg 2001, South Africa.
School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 12;17(6):1850. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17061850.
Suicide rates worldwide are declining; however, less is known about the patterns and trends in mortality from suicide in sub-Saharan Africa. This study evaluates trends in suicide rates and years of potential life lost from death registration data in South Africa from 1997 to 2016. Suicide (X60-X84 and Y87) was coded using the 10th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). Changes in mortality rate trends were analysed using joinpoint regression analysis. The 20-year study examines 8573 suicides in South Africa, comprising 0.1% of all deaths involving persons 15 years and older. Rates of suicide per 100,000 population were 2.07 in men and 0.49 in women. Joinpoint regression analyses showed that, while the overall mortality rate for male suicides remained stable, mortality rates due to hanging and poisoning increased by 3.9% and 3.5% per year, respectively. Female suicide mortality rates increased by 12.6% from 1997 to 2004 before stabilising; while rates due to hanging increased by 3.0% per year. The average annual YPLL due to suicide was 9559 in men and 2612 in women. The results show that suicide contributes substantially to premature death and demonstrates the need for targeted interventions, especially among young men in South Africa.
全球自杀率正在下降；然而，对于撒哈拉以南非洲地区自杀死亡率的模式和趋势了解较少。本研究评估了南非从 1997 年到 2016 年期间自杀率和因死亡登记数据而损失的潜在生命年的趋势。自杀（X60-X84 和 Y87）使用国际疾病分类第 10 次修订版（ICD-10）进行编码。使用 Joinpoint 回归分析来分析死亡率趋势变化。这项为期 20 年的研究检查了南非 8573 例自杀案例，占所有涉及 15 岁及以上人群的死亡人数的 0.1%。自杀率为每 10 万人 2.07 人，女性为 0.49 人。Joinpoint 回归分析显示，尽管男性自杀死亡率总体保持稳定，但自杀的死亡率分别因上吊和中毒而每年增加 3.9%和 3.5%。女性自杀死亡率从 1997 年到 2004 年增加了 12.6%，然后稳定下来；同时，因上吊而导致的死亡率每年增加 3.0%。因自杀导致的平均每年 YPLL 为男性 9559 年，女性 2612 年。研究结果表明，自杀对过早死亡有很大影响，并表明需要采取有针对性的干预措施，特别是在南非的年轻男性中。
