Smith Lee, van Jaarsveld Cornelia H M, Llewellyn Clare H, Fildes Alison, López Sánchez Guillermo Felipe, Wardle Jane, Fisher Abigail
a Anglia Ruskin University.
b Radboud University Medical Centre.
Res Q Exerc Sport. 2017 Dec;88(4):401-407. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2017.1373268. Epub 2017 Oct 19.
Variability in the timing of infant developmental milestones is poorly understood. We used a twin analysis to estimate genetic and environmental influences on motor development and activity levels in infancy.
Data were from the Gemini Study, a twin birth cohort of 2,402 families with twins born in the United Kingdom in 2007. Parents reported motor activity level for each of the twins at age 3 months using the Revised Infant Behavior Rating Scale and reported the ages at which they first sat unsupported, crawled, and walked unaided.
Activity level at 3 months and ages when first sitting and crawling were about equally influenced by the shared family environment (45%-54%) and genes (45%-48%). Genetic influences dominated for age when children took their first independent steps (84%).
Aspects of the shared family environment appear to be important influences on motor activity levels and early milestones, although the timing of walking may have a stronger genetic influence. Further research to identify the specific environmental and genetic factors that promote early activity may be important for longer-term health outcomes.
人们对婴儿发育里程碑时间的变异性了解甚少。我们采用双胞胎分析来估计遗传和环境因素对婴儿期运动发育和活动水平的影响。
数据来自双子座研究，这是一个由2007年在英国出生的2402对双胞胎家庭组成的双胞胎出生队列。父母使用修订后的婴儿行为评定量表报告了每个双胞胎在3个月大时的运动活动水平，并报告了他们首次独坐、爬行和独立行走的年龄。
3个月大时的活动水平以及首次独坐和爬行的年龄大约同样受到共享家庭环境（45%-54%）和基因（45%-48%）的影响。孩子首次独立行走的年龄受遗传影响占主导（84%）。
共享家庭环境的因素似乎对运动活动水平和早期里程碑有重要影响，尽管行走时间可能受遗传影响更强。进一步研究确定促进早期活动的具体环境和遗传因素可能对长期健康结果很重要。
