美国合法获取隐蔽枪支许可证的难易程度与凶杀率
Easiness of Legal Access to Concealed Firearm Permits and Homicide Rates in the United States.
作者信息
Siegel Michael, Xuan Ziming, Ross Craig S, Galea Sandro, Kalesan Bindu, Fleegler Eric, Goss Kristin A
机构信息
Michael Siegel, Ziming Xuan, Craig S. Ross, and Sandro Galea are with the Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Bindu Kalesan is with the Boston University School of Medicine. Eric Fleegler is with Children's Hospital Boston. Kristin A. Goss is with the Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2017 Dec;107(12):1923-1929. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2017.304057. Epub 2017 Oct 19.
OBJECTIVES
To examine the relation of "shall-issue" laws, in which permits must be issued if requisite criteria are met; "may-issue" laws, which give law enforcement officials wide discretion over whether to issue concealed firearm carry permits or not; and homicide rates.
METHODS
We compared homicide rates in shall-issue and may-issue states and total, firearm, nonfirearm, handgun, and long-gun homicide rates in all 50 states during the 25-year period of 1991 to 2015. We included year and state fixed effects and numerous state-level factors in the analysis.
RESULTS
Shall-issue laws were significantly associated with 6.5% higher total homicide rates, 8.6% higher firearm homicide rates, and 10.6% higher handgun homicide rates, but were not significantly associated with long-gun or nonfirearm homicide.
CONCLUSIONS
Shall-issue laws are associated with significantly higher rates of total, firearm-related, and handgun-related homicide.
目的
研究“应发”法律（即若满足必要标准则必须发放许可证）、“可发”法律（即执法官员在是否发放隐藏式枪支携带许可证方面有广泛自由裁量权）与凶杀率之间的关系。
方法
我们比较了1991年至2015年这25年间“应发”州和“可发”州的凶杀率，以及全美50个州的总凶杀率、枪支凶杀率、非枪支凶杀率、手枪凶杀率和长枪凶杀率。分析中纳入了年份和州固定效应以及众多州层面的因素。
结果
“应发”法律与总凶杀率显著高出6.5%、枪支凶杀率显著高出8.6%以及手枪凶杀率显著高出10.6%相关，但与长枪或非枪支凶杀无显著关联。
结论
“应发”法律与总凶杀率、与枪支相关的凶杀率以及与手枪相关的凶杀率显著升高有关。
Zotero 插件