Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Centre for Research Excellence in Critical Infections, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Centre for Research Excellence in Critical Infections, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
Pathology. 2017 Dec;49(7):698-706. doi: 10.1016/j.pathol.2017.08.002. Epub 2017 Oct 16.
The significance of Zika virus as a clinically significant flavivirus has previously been under-recognised, until extensive outbreaks in Yap in 2007, French Polynesia in 2013 and the Americas since 2015. Although Zika virus infection is commonly asymptomatic or mild, emerging evidence suggests a strong link to microcephaly in babies and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. This article reviews the epidemiology, geographic distribution, basic virology, transmission, clinical presentation, potential complications, laboratory diagnosis, treatment and prevention of Zika virus infection. Education on mosquito avoidance measures and vector control efforts currently remain key to reducing risk of transmission, whilst further research is underway to develop antiviral therapies and vaccines.
寨卡病毒作为一种具有临床重要意义的黄病毒，此前一直未被充分认识，直到 2007 年在雅浦大规模爆发、2013 年在法属波利尼西亚以及 2015 年在美洲爆发后，情况才有所改变。尽管寨卡病毒感染通常无症状或症状较轻，但新出现的证据表明，该病毒与婴儿小头畸形和成人格林-巴利综合征之间存在密切关联。本文综述了寨卡病毒的流行病学、地理分布、基础病毒学、传播途径、临床表现、潜在并发症、实验室诊断、治疗和预防方法。目前，开展有关蚊虫防范措施和病媒控制的教育仍然是降低传播风险的关键，同时正在进行进一步的研究，以开发抗病毒疗法和疫苗。
