Schneider J A, Lancki N, Schumm P
Department of Medicine, University of Chicago.
Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago.
Soc Networks. 2017 Oct;51:73-87. doi: 10.1016/j.socnet.2017.04.001. Epub 2017 Apr 25.
Mass incarceration of young Black men has a significant impact on their network composition and stability that, in turn, may have major implications for health and well-being. A sub-group of young Black men with criminal justice involvement (CJI) identify as gay, bisexual or are non-identified men who have sex with men (hereafter MSM). This paper focuses on the potential effects of CJI on the composition of Black MSM social and sexual networks, their stability over time, and concomitant health and social outcomes. We use data from the UConnect study, a population-based cohort of young Black MSM 16-29 years of age (n=618) selected using respondent-driven sampling in Chicago from 2013-2016. Both confidant and sexual network name generators and interpreters were administered at 9-month intervals over three waves of data collection. Ego and dyadic-level data were collected on behaviors prevalent among MSM and including factors associated with network CJI, network stability, and health outcomes. Generalized Structural Equation Models (GSEM) were utilized to determine the relationship between CJI network composition, network stability and behaviors prevalent among young Black MSM and their networks. In the UConnect cohort, 46% had at least once been detained, arrested or spent time in jail or prison. In addition, 20% of participants reported incident CJI over the study period. Respondents with a history of CJI were significantly more likely to have CJI homophily in their confidant and sexual networks. Multivariate analyses demonstrate that the association between one's history of CJI, housing instability and drug use is partially explained by one's network CJI. In addition, a higher prevalence of network CJI is associated with increased turnover in the confidant network, and this network instability is also related to important health and social outcomes. This analysis describes the networks of criminal justice involved men among a representative sample of young Black MSM and demonstrates the relationship between CJI network homophily, network stability and their impact on several key health and social outcomes relevant to this population.
大量年轻黑人男性被监禁对他们的社交网络构成和稳定性有重大影响，而这反过来可能对健康和幸福产生重大影响。有刑事司法介入（CJI）经历的年轻黑人男性子群体中，有一部分人认同自己为同性恋、双性恋，或者是未明确身份但与男性发生性行为的男性（以下简称男男性行为者）。本文重点关注刑事司法介入对黑人男男性行为者社交和性网络构成、随时间推移的稳定性以及相应的健康和社会结果的潜在影响。我们使用了UConnect研究的数据，该研究是基于人群的队列研究，研究对象为2013年至2016年在芝加哥通过应答驱动抽样选取的16至29岁的年轻黑人男男性行为者（n = 618）。在三轮数据收集过程中，每隔9个月就会进行一次关于密友和性网络提名生成者及解释者的调查。收集了自我层面和二元层面的数据，内容涉及男男性行为者中普遍存在的行为，包括与网络刑事司法介入、网络稳定性和健康结果相关的因素。使用广义结构方程模型（GSEM）来确定刑事司法介入网络构成、网络稳定性与年轻黑人男男性行为者及其网络中普遍存在的行为之间的关系。在UConnect队列中，46%的人至少有一次被拘留、逮捕或在监狱或看守所待过。此外，20%的参与者报告在研究期间有过刑事司法介入事件。有刑事司法介入史的受访者在其密友和性网络中出现刑事司法介入同质性的可能性显著更高。多变量分析表明，一个人的刑事司法介入史、住房不稳定和吸毒之间的关联部分可由其网络刑事司法介入来解释。此外，网络刑事司法介入的较高发生率与密友网络中人员更替增加有关，而这种网络不稳定也与重要的健康和社会结果相关。该分析描述了有刑事司法介入经历的男性在年轻黑人男男性行为者代表性样本中的社交网络，并展示了刑事司法介入网络同质性、网络稳定性及其对与该人群相关的几个关键健康和社会结果的影响之间的关系。
