Ryan Kathleen, Anderson Motswedi, Gyurova Ivayla, Ambroggio Lilliam, Moyo Sikhulile, Sebunya Teresa, Makhema Joseph, Marlink Richard, Essex Max, Musonda Rosemary, Gaseitsiwe Simani, Blackard Jason T
University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.
Open Forum Infect Dis. 2017 Sep 13;4(4):ofx195. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofx195. eCollection 2017 Fall.
Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative but hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA-positive infection-known as hepatitis B infection (OBI)-occurs in 1% to >15% of HIV-positive individuals in the United States and South Africa, respectively. However, there are no data on OBI from Botswana, a country known to be hyperendemic for chronic HBV infection and to have a significant HIV burden.
Two hundred seventy-two adults enrolled in an HIV treatment study of tenofovir/emtricitabine as the nucleoside backbone who were previously determined to be HBsAg negative were tested for HBV DNA at baseline and 1 year after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
HBV DNA was detected in 72 of 272 (26.5%). Six individuals (8.3%) had HBV DNA levels greater than 200 IU/mL, and the highest viral load was 3280 IU/mL. Of 65 participants with OBI evaluated at 12 months after initiating HAART, only 1 (1.5%) had detectable HBV DNA.
Occult HBV infection is quite common in HIV-infected patients in Botswana, although its impact on the course of HIV disease progression is unknown. The suppression of occult HBV DNA levels by tenofovir/emtricitabine suggests an effective therapeutic option, although the long-term suppressive abilities remain unstudied.
乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）阴性但乙肝病毒（HBV）DNA阳性的感染——即隐匿性乙肝感染（OBI）——在美国和南非分别见于1%至超过15%的HIV阳性个体。然而，对于博茨瓦纳的隐匿性乙肝感染情况尚无数据，该国是已知的慢性HBV感染高度流行且HIV负担沉重的国家。
在一项以替诺福韦/恩曲他滨作为核苷类骨干药物的HIV治疗研究中，对272名先前确定为HBsAg阴性的成人在基线时以及启动高效抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART）1年后检测其HBV DNA。
272人中有72人（26.5%）检测到HBV DNA。6人（8.3%）的HBV DNA水平高于200 IU/mL，最高病毒载量为3280 IU/mL。在启动HAART 12个月后评估的65名隐匿性乙肝感染参与者中，只有1人（1.5%）检测到可检测的HBV DNA。
隐匿性乙肝感染在博茨瓦纳的HIV感染患者中相当常见，尽管其对HIV疾病进展过程的影响尚不清楚。替诺福韦/恩曲他滨对隐匿性HBV DNA水平的抑制提示了一种有效的治疗选择，尽管其长期抑制能力仍未得到研究。
