Gołaś Artur, Wilk Michal, Stastny Petr, Maszczyk Adam, Pajerska Katarzyna, Zając Adam
1Department of Sports Training, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland; and 2Department of Sport Games, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
J Strength Cond Res. 2017 Nov;31(11):3010-3017. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001917.
Gołaś, A, Wilk, M, Stastny, P, Maszczyk, A, Pajerska, K, and Zając, A. Optimizing half squat postactivation potential load in squat jump training for eliciting relative maximal power in ski jumpers. J Strength Cond Res 31(11): 3010-3017, 2017-Training load manipulation in a single workout session can increase or decrease training effectiveness in terms of athletes' strength or power gains. In ski jumping, the complex training that elicits maximal power gains may take advantage of the postactivation potentiation (PAP) mechanism. The aim of this research was to evaluate the changes in rate of force development (RFD), rate of power development (RPD), and jump height during a complex training session consisted of the barbell half squat (Sq) as a conditioning exercise with loads ranged between 60 and 100% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM), followed by a body weight squat jump (SqJ) as a performance task. The study was conducted with 16 elite athletes from the Polish National Ski Jumping Team, age 23 ± 8 years, body mass 56 ± 9 kg, and height 172 ± 12 cm. Complex training session started with the Sq at 60% of 1RM as the conditioning exercise, followed by 3 minutes of rest and the SqJ. The conditioning barbell half Sq was performed with 70, 80, 90, and 100% of 1RM with 5 minutes of rest. The differences in RFD occurred between an SqJ following the application of 80% of 1RM and all other SqJs (p = 0.01), and in RPD between SqJ without conditioning, SqJ after 60% of 1RM and 80% of 1RM (p = 0.02). On average, the most effective load in inducing PAP during ski jumpers' SqJ training is 80% of 1RM. The intensity of the conditioning exercise that elicits the greatest PAP effect should be individualized (60-100% 1RM), as it is dependent on the level of maximal strength.
戈拉斯，A，威尔克，M，斯塔斯特尼，P，马什奇克，A，帕耶尔斯卡，K，以及扎亚克，A。优化蹲跳训练中的半蹲激活后增强效应负荷以激发跳台滑雪运动员的相对最大功率。《力量与体能研究杂志》31(11): 3010 - 3017，2017年——在单次训练课中对训练负荷进行调整，就运动员力量或功率增长而言，可能会提高或降低训练效果。在跳台滑雪中，能带来最大力量增长的综合训练可以利用激活后增强效应（PAP）机制。本研究的目的是评估在由杠铃半蹲（Sq）作为调节练习（负荷范围为1次重复最大值[1RM]的60%至100%），随后进行体重蹲跳（SqJ）作为表现任务组成的综合训练课期间，力量发展速率（RFD）、功率发展速率（RPD）和跳跃高度的变化。该研究对16名来自波兰国家跳台滑雪队的精英运动员进行，年龄23±8岁，体重56±9千克，身高172±12厘米。综合训练课开始时进行60% 1RM的Sq作为调节练习，随后休息3分钟并进行SqJ。调节性杠铃半蹲以70%、80%、90%和100%的1RM进行，每次之间休息5分钟。在应用80% 1RM后的SqJ与所有其他SqJ之间，RFD存在差异（p = 0.01），在无调节的SqJ、60% 1RM后的SqJ和80% 1RM后的SqJ之间，RPD存在差异（p = 0.02）。平均而言，在跳台滑雪运动员的SqJ训练中诱导PAP的最有效负荷是1RM的80%。引发最大PAP效应的调节练习强度应因人而异（60% - 100% 1RM），因为它取决于最大力量水平。
