Section of Graduate Periodontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2018 Jan;29(1):118-129. doi: 10.1111/clr.13097. Epub 2017 Oct 26.
The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the impact of the abutment characteristics on peri-implant tissue health and to identify the most suitable material and surface characteristics.
A protocol was developed aimed to answer the following focused question: "Which is the effect of the modification of the abutment design in regard to the maintenance of the peri-implant soft tissue health?" Further subanalysis aimed to investigate the impact of the abutment material, macroscopic design, surface topography and surface manipulation. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with a follow-up of at least 6 months after implant loading were considered as inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses were performed whenever possible.
Nineteen final publications from thirteen investigations were included. The results from the meta-analysis indicated that zirconia abutments (Zi) experienced less increase in BOP values over time [n = 3; WMD = -26.96; 95% CI (-45.00; -8.92); p = .003] and less plaque accumulation [n = 1; MD = -20.00; 95% CI (-41.47; 1.47); p = .068] when compared with titanium abutments (Ti). Bone loss was influenced by the method of abutment decontamination [n = 1; MD = -0.44; 95% CI (-0.65; -0.23); p < .001]. The rest of the studied outcomes did not show statistically significant differences.
The macroscopic design, the surface topography and the manipulation of the implant abutment did not have a significant influence on peri-implant inflammation. In contrast, the abutment material demonstrated increased BOP values over time for Ti when compared to Zi abutments.
本系统评价旨在评估基台特征对种植体周围组织健康的影响，并确定最合适的材料和表面特征。
制定了一个方案，旨在回答以下重点问题：“基台设计的修改对种植体周围软组织健康的维持有何影响？”进一步的子分析旨在研究基台材料、宏观设计、表面形貌和表面处理的影响。将至少在种植体负载后 6 个月进行随访的随机对照试验（RCT）作为纳入标准。只要有可能，就进行了荟萃分析。
共纳入 13 项研究的 19 篇最终出版物。荟萃分析结果表明，氧化锆基台（Zi）在随访期间 BOP 值增加较少[ n = 3；WMD = -26.96；95%CI（-45.00；-8.92）；p = 0.003]，菌斑积累较少[ n = 1；MD = -20.00；95%CI（-41.47；1.47）；p = 0.068]，与钛基台（Ti）相比。基台去污方法影响骨吸收[ n = 1；MD = -0.44；95%CI（-0.65；-0.23）；p < 0.001]。其余研究结果无统计学差异。
基台的宏观设计、表面形貌和处理对种植体周围炎症没有显著影响。相比之下，与 Zi 基台相比，Ti 基台在随访期间的 BOP 值增加更多。
