Ross Kirsty, Jones Rob J
Department of Oncology, Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow G12 0YN, U.K.
Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 0YN, U.K.
Clin Sci (Lond). 2017 Oct 27;131(21):2627-2642. doi: 10.1042/CS20160894. Print 2017 Nov 1.
The immune system has long been known to play a critical role in the body's defence against cancer, and there have been multiple attempts to harness it for therapeutic gain. Renal cancer was, historically, one of a small number of tumour types where immune manipulation had been shown to be effective. The current generation of immune checkpoint inhibitors are rapidly entering into routine clinical practice in the management of a number of tumour types, including renal cancer, where one drug, nivolumab, an anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody (mAb), is licensed for patients who have progressed on prior systemic treatment. Ongoing trials aim to maximize the benefits that can be gained from this new class of drug by exploring optimal timing in the natural course of the disease as well as combinations with other checkpoint inhibitors and drugs from different classes.
长期以来，人们一直认为免疫系统在人体抵御癌症的过程中发挥着关键作用，并且已经进行了多次尝试，以利用免疫系统来实现治疗收益。从历史上看，肾癌是少数几种免疫调节已被证明有效的肿瘤类型之一。目前这一代免疫检查点抑制剂正在迅速进入包括肾癌在内的多种肿瘤类型的常规临床实践中，其中一种药物纳武单抗，一种抗程序性死亡-1（PD-1）单克隆抗体（mAb），已被批准用于先前接受全身治疗后病情进展的患者。正在进行的试验旨在通过探索疾病自然进程中的最佳时机以及与其他检查点抑制剂和不同类别药物的联合使用，来最大化从这类新药中获得的益处。
