Siegel Atara, Korbman Miriam, Erblich Joel
Department of Psychology, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, New York.
Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2017 Nov;78(6):930-937. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2017.78.930.
Numerous studies have modeled the effects of stress in the laboratory, demonstrating that smokers who are exposed to experimental stressors exhibit significant increases in acute psychological distress. Whether these stress reactions are predictive of stress-induced smoking during an actual quit attempt, however, has not been examined. Furthermore, the possibility that such effects are particularly strong among smokers with higher ambient levels of distress has not been addressed.
Nicotine-dependent smokers (N = 60; 40 women, 20 men) completed the Brief Symptoms Index (BSI) and then participated in a laboratory stress task 1 week before a quit attempt. Acute psychological distress was measured immediately before and after exposure to stressful and neutral stimuli. After they quit, participants completed a smoking diary for 14 days in which they recorded the degree to which their smoking was precipitated by emotional stress.
Consistent with our hypotheses, BSI scores predicted both exaggerated laboratory stress responses (p < .005) and smoking that was attributable to stress during the 14-day postquit period (p < .01). Laboratory stress reactions were predictive of stress-induced smoking (p < .01), and acute psychological stress reactions mediated the effects of BSI on stress-induced smoking.
Acute psychological stress reactivity is a potential mechanism underlying the effect of stress-induced smoking during a quit attempt.
众多研究在实验室中模拟了压力的影响，表明暴露于实验性压力源的吸烟者急性心理困扰显著增加。然而，这些压力反应是否能预测实际戒烟尝试期间由压力诱发的吸烟行为尚未得到研究。此外，在周围困扰水平较高的吸烟者中这种影响是否尤其强烈也未得到探讨。
尼古丁依赖吸烟者（N = 60；40名女性，20名男性）完成了简明症状量表（BSI），然后在戒烟尝试前1周参与了一项实验室压力任务。在暴露于压力性和中性刺激之前及之后立即测量急性心理困扰。戒烟后，参与者完成了一份为期14天的吸烟日记，记录他们的吸烟行为在多大程度上是由情绪压力引发的。
与我们的假设一致，BSI得分既预测了实验室压力反应过度（p <.005），也预测了戒烟后14天内由压力导致的吸烟行为（p <.01）。实验室压力反应可预测由压力诱发的吸烟行为（p <.01），并且急性心理压力反应介导了BSI对由压力诱发的吸烟行为的影响。
急性心理压力反应性是戒烟尝试期间压力诱发吸烟行为影响的潜在机制。
