Yoon Mee-Sup
Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea.
Front Physiol. 2017 Oct 17;8:788. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00788. eCollection 2017.
Maintenance of skeletal muscle mass is regulated by the balance between anabolic and catabolic processes. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase, and is known to play vital roles in protein synthesis. Recent findings have continued to refine our understanding of the function of mTOR in maintaining skeletal muscle mass. mTOR controls the anabolic and catabolic signaling of skeletal muscle mass, resulting in the modulation of muscle hypertrophy and muscle wastage. This review will highlight the fundamental role of mTOR in skeletal muscle growth by summarizing the phenotype of skeletal-specific mTOR deficiency. In addition, the evidence that mTOR is a dual regulator of anabolism and catabolism in skeletal muscle mass will be discussed. A full understanding of mTOR signaling in the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass could help to develop mTOR-targeted therapeutics to prevent muscle wasting.
骨骼肌质量的维持受合成代谢和分解代谢过程之间平衡的调节。雷帕霉素哺乳动物靶蛋白（mTOR）是一种进化上保守的丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶，已知在蛋白质合成中起重要作用。最近的研究结果不断完善我们对mTOR在维持骨骼肌质量方面功能的理解。mTOR控制骨骼肌质量的合成代谢和分解代谢信号，从而调节肌肉肥大和肌肉消耗。本综述将通过总结骨骼肌特异性mTOR缺乏的表型，强调mTOR在骨骼肌生长中的基本作用。此外，还将讨论mTOR是骨骼肌质量合成代谢和分解代谢双重调节因子的证据。全面了解mTOR信号在维持骨骼肌质量中的作用，有助于开发针对mTOR的疗法来预防肌肉萎缩。
