Division of Sleep and Chronobiology, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Sci Rep. 2017 Nov 2;7(1):14889. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-14006-7.
Sleep loss produces well-characterized cognitive deficits, although there are large individual differences, with marked vulnerability or resilience among individuals. Such differences are stable with repeated exposures to acute total sleep deprivation (TSD) within a short-time interval (weeks). Whether such stability occurs with chronic sleep restriction (SR) and whether it endures across months to years in TSD, indicating a true trait, remains unknown. In 23 healthy adults, neurobehavioral vulnerability to TSD exposures, separated by 27-2,091 days (mean: 444 days; median: 210 days), showed trait-like stability in performance and subjective measures (82-95% across measures). Similarly, in 24 healthy adults, neurobehavioral vulnerability to SR exposures, separated by 78-3,058 days (mean: 935 days; median: 741 days), also showed stability (72-92% across measures). Cognitive performance outcomes and subjective ratings showed consistency across objective measures, and consistency across subjective measures, but not between objective and subjective domains. We demonstrate for the first time the stability of phenotypic neurobehavioral responses in the same individuals to SR and to TSD over long-time intervals. Across multiple measures, prior sleep loss responses are strong predictors of individual responses to subsequent sleep loss exposures chronically or intermittently, across months and years, thus validating the need for biomarkers and predictors.
睡眠不足会导致明显的认知缺陷，尽管个体差异很大，有些人很脆弱，而有些人则有很强的适应能力。在短时间间隔（数周）内反复经历急性完全睡眠剥夺（TSD）时，这种差异是稳定的。在慢性睡眠限制（SR）中是否存在这种稳定性，以及在 TSD 中是否能持续数月至数年，表明这是一种真正的特征，目前尚不清楚。在 23 名健康成年人中，TSD 暴露的神经行为易感性，间隔 27-2091 天（平均：444 天；中位数：210 天），在表现和主观测量方面表现出类似特征的稳定性（82-95%的测量值）。同样，在 24 名健康成年人中，SR 暴露的神经行为易感性，间隔 78-3058 天（平均：935 天；中位数：741 天），也表现出稳定性（82-95%的测量值）。认知表现结果和主观评分在客观测量之间、主观测量之间表现出一致性，但在客观和主观领域之间没有一致性。我们首次证明了在相同个体中，SR 和 TSD 的神经行为表型反应在长时间间隔内具有稳定性。多项测量结果表明，先前的睡眠不足反应是个体对随后的慢性或间歇性睡眠不足反应的强有力预测因素，可跨越数月和数年，从而验证了生物标志物和预测因素的必要性。
