Equipe Ingénierie de la Restauration de Patrimoines Naturels et Culturels - IMBE UMR 7263 CNRS - IRD 237 Université d'Avignon - Aix Marseille Université, Avignon, France.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 Dec;24(36):27746-27754. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-0522-0. Epub 2017 Nov 3.
The sandarac resin (Tetraclinis articulata) has been long used for its properties, mostly as a varnish component. Called juniper resin until the nineteenth century, the real botanical origin of sandarac is still unclear. The first approach to this issue is the review of the evolution of the etymology, terminology, and botanical description of sandarac through time. It seems that sandarac was mainly coming from T. articulata but the use of some juniper resins before the twentieth century is not to be excluded. The second approach is a chemical one; we used gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry to characterise the resin. As sandarac was the main component of the famous Italian varnish Vernice liquida, its characterisation is important for old paintings studies. However, although we could hope to differentiate sandarac, Juniperus communis and Juniperus oxycedrus resins by looking at their chemical composition, it appears that these resins are very similar. Besides, we notice a lack of old varnishes containing sandarac which complicates our work.
沙达树脂（柏科角果柏）因其特性而被长期使用，主要用作清漆成分。在 19 世纪之前，它被称为杜松树脂，但其真正的植物来源仍不清楚。解决这个问题的第一种方法是通过时间回顾沙达树脂的词源学、术语学和植物学描述的演变。沙达树脂似乎主要来自角果柏，但在 20 世纪之前，也不排除使用一些杜松树脂。第二种方法是化学方法；我们使用气相色谱法和质谱法来描述树脂的特性。由于沙达树脂是著名的意大利清漆 Vernice liquida 的主要成分，因此其特性对于旧画研究非常重要。然而，尽管我们希望通过观察它们的化学成分来区分沙达树脂、普通杜松树脂和油松树脂，但这些树脂似乎非常相似。此外，我们注意到缺乏含有沙达树脂的旧清漆，这使得我们的工作变得复杂。
