Virginia Tech, Child Study Center, Department of Psychology, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States.
Virginia Tech, Child Study Center, Department of Psychology, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States.
Behav Res Ther. 2017 Dec;99:131-137. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2017.10.007. Epub 2017 Oct 18.
Individuals with specific phobias (SPs) often experience catastrophic cognitions and compromised efficacy regarding their ability to cope when in the presence of the phobic object/situation. In the current study, 165 children (7-16 years; 62% male) received either One Session Treatment or Educational Support Therapy for their SP. The children identified their feared belief and rated "how bad" it was, "how likely" it was to occur, and their ability to cope if it did occur. All of these ratings were reduced from pre-treatment to 6-month follow-up, across both treatment conditions. However, ratings of "how bad" and "how likely" reduced to a significantly greater degree for children who received OST. Greater change in each of the three beliefs predicted lower clinician severity ratings (CSRs) at post-treatment and 6-month follow-up. Additionally, changes in "how bad" and "how likely" the children rated their beliefs, and their reported ability to cope, partially mediated the relationship between treatment and post-treatment and follow-up CSRs. Overall, these findings suggest that although both treatment conditions produced changes in harm beliefs and coping efficacy, OST elicited greater changes and these changes may be important mechanisms in reduction of SP clinical severity.
特定恐惧症患者（SPs）在面对恐惧对象/情境时，常常会产生灾难性的认知，并对自己的应对能力产生怀疑。在当前的研究中，165 名儿童（7-16 岁；62%为男性）接受了单一疗程治疗或教育支持治疗来治疗他们的 SP。孩子们会确定他们所恐惧的信念，并对其“有多糟糕”、“有多可能发生”以及如果发生时他们的应对能力进行评级。在两种治疗条件下，所有这些评级都从治疗前降低到了 6 个月的随访。然而，接受 OST 的儿童在“有多糟糕”和“有多可能”这两个方面的评级降低幅度显著更大。这三种信念中的每一种信念的变化都预示着治疗后和 6 个月随访时临床医生严重程度评分（CSRs）的降低。此外，儿童对其信念的“有多糟糕”和“有多可能”的评级变化，以及他们报告的应对能力，部分中介了治疗与治疗后和随访 CSRs 之间的关系。总的来说，这些发现表明，尽管两种治疗条件都改变了伤害信念和应对效能，但 OST 引起的变化更大，这些变化可能是降低 SP 临床严重程度的重要机制。
