Graif Corina, Lungeanu Alina I, Yetter Alyssa M
Department of Sociology and Criminology, the Pennsylvania State University.
Population Research Institute, the Pennsylvania State University.
Soc Networks. 2017 Oct;51:40-59. doi: 10.1016/j.socnet.2017.01.007. Epub 2017 Mar 28.
Urban sociologists and criminologists have long been interested in the link between neighborhood isolation and crime. Yet studies have focused predominantly on the internal dimension of social isolation (i.e., increased social disorganization and insufficient jobs and opportunities). This study highlights the need to assess the external dimension of neighborhood isolation, the disconnectedness from other neighborhoods in the city. Analyses of Chicago's neighborhood commuting network over twelve years (2002-2013) showed that violence predicted network isolation. Moreover, pairwise similarity in neighborhood violence predicted commuting ties, supporting homophily expectations. Violence homophily affected tie formation most, while neighborhood violence was important in dissolving ties.
城市社会学家和犯罪学家长期以来一直对邻里隔离与犯罪之间的联系感兴趣。然而，研究主要集中在社会隔离的内部维度（即社会失序加剧以及就业和机会不足）。本研究强调了评估邻里隔离外部维度的必要性，即与城市中其他邻里的脱节。对芝加哥邻里通勤网络长达十二年（2002年至2013年）的分析表明，暴力行为预示着网络隔离。此外，邻里暴力行为的两两相似性预示着通勤联系，这支持了同质性预期。暴力同质性对联系形成的影响最大，而邻里暴力在解除联系方面很重要。
