简单邂逅单一：CRISPR/Cas9在单倍体胚胎干细胞中的应用
Simple Meets Single: The Application of CRISPR/Cas9 in Haploid Embryonic Stem Cells.
作者信息
Yin Zixi, Chen Lingyi
机构信息
State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
出版信息
Stem Cells Int. 2017;2017:2601746. doi: 10.1155/2017/2601746. Epub 2017 Oct 3.
The CRISPR/Cas9 system provides a powerful method for the genetic manipulation of the mammalian genome, allowing knockout of individual genes as well as the generation of genome-wide knockout cell libraries for genetic screening. However, the diploid status of most mammalian cells restricts the application of CRISPR/Cas9 in genetic screening. Mammalian haploid embryonic stem cells (haESCs) have only one set of chromosomes per cell, avoiding the issue of heterozygous recessive mutations in diploid cells. Thus, the combination of haESCs and CRISPR/Cas9 facilitates the generation of genome-wide knockout cell libraries for genetic screening. Here, we review recent progress in CRISPR/Cas9 and haPSCs and discuss their applications in genetic screening.
CRISPR/Cas9系统为哺乳动物基因组的遗传操作提供了一种强大的方法，可实现单个基因的敲除以及用于遗传筛选的全基因组敲除细胞文库的构建。然而，大多数哺乳动物细胞的二倍体状态限制了CRISPR/Cas9在遗传筛选中的应用。哺乳动物单倍体胚胎干细胞（haESCs）每个细胞仅含有一组染色体，避免了二倍体细胞中杂合隐性突变的问题。因此，haESCs与CRISPR/Cas9的结合有助于构建用于遗传筛选的全基因组敲除细胞文库。在此，我们综述了CRISPR/Cas9和单倍体多能干细胞（haPSCs）的最新进展，并讨论了它们在遗传筛选中的应用。
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