Gillespie Ulrika, Dolovich Lisa, Dahrouge Simone
Uppsala University Hospital (Gillespie), Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario.
Can Pharm J (Ott). 2017 Oct 5;150(6):407-416. doi: 10.1177/1715163517733998. eCollection 2017 Nov-Dec.
Family health teams (FHTs), an interprofessional primary care practice model, were established in Ontario in 2005. As of October 2014, 191 FHT organizations were in operation, and 111 (58%) included one or several pharmacists. The objective of this study was to document the focus of pharmacist activities in FHTs.
We invited all 155 known FHT pharmacists to a web-based survey. The survey was constructed using information obtained from previously done semi-structured telephone interviews with pharmacists working in FHTs. The survey consisted of a list of activities, grouped into 5 main categories, and participants were asked to estimate time spent on each category. Free-text response questions allowed participants to identify activities not listed. Survey results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis for open-ended responses.
Seventy (45%) pharmacists completed the survey. The mean respondent age was 43 years, and the average length of time working in an FHT was 4 years. All pharmacists reported being engaged in some form of direct patient care, including managing single therapeutic issues (96%), conducting general medication reviews (70%) and medication reconciliation after hospitalization (63%). Most reported providing education and drug information (83%). Pharmacists felt their work would increase patient medication adherence (94%) and physician adherence to recommended guidelines (86%), as well as reduce inappropriate prescribing (93%), polypharmacy (90%), emergency room and hospital utilization (70%-81%).
Pharmacists in FHTs are strongly focused on direct patient care activities, managing specific medication issues and unstructured drug information to physicians. The majority of pharmacists reported that their activities had a substantial impact on patient medication use and health. The findings from this survey can assist pharmacists new to FHT practice, health policy planning and health research to assess associations between pharmacist activities and measures of health and health care system performance.
家庭健康团队（FHTs）是一种跨专业的初级保健实践模式，于2005年在安大略省建立。截至2014年10月，有191个FHT组织在运营，其中111个（58%）包括一名或多名药剂师。本研究的目的是记录FHTs中药剂师活动的重点。
我们邀请了所有155名已知的FHT药剂师参加一项基于网络的调查。该调查是根据之前对在FHTs工作的药剂师进行的半结构化电话访谈所获得的信息构建的。调查包括一系列活动，分为5个主要类别，参与者被要求估计在每个类别上花费的时间。自由文本回答问题使参与者能够识别未列出的活动。使用描述性统计和对开放式回答的内容分析来分析调查结果。
70名（45%）药剂师完成了调查。受访者的平均年龄为43岁，在FHT工作的平均时长为4年。所有药剂师都报告参与了某种形式的直接患者护理，包括处理单一治疗问题（96%）、进行常规药物审查（70%）和住院后的用药核对（63%）。大多数人报告提供教育和药物信息（83%）。药剂师认为他们的工作将提高患者的用药依从性（94%）和医生对推荐指南的依从性（86%），以及减少不适当处方（93%）、多重用药（90%）、急诊室和医院的使用（70%-81%）。
FHTs中的药剂师高度专注于直接患者护理活动、处理特定药物问题以及向医生提供非结构化药物信息服务。大多数药剂师报告说，他们的活动对患者的药物使用和健康有重大影响。本次调查的结果可以帮助刚从事FHT实践的药剂师、卫生政策规划人员和卫生研究人员评估药剂师活动与健康及医疗系统绩效指标之间的关联。
