National Reference Laboratory on Reproductive and Child Health, Ministry of Health and National Center for Maternal and Child Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2010 Apr;80(2):144-54. doi: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000014.
To assess the prevalence of folate, vitamin B(12), and iron deficiencies and their associations with anemia among women of childbearing age in northern China, an area with a reported high incidence of neural tube defects.
Plasma folate, vitamin B(12), ferritin, and hemoglobin levels were measured among 1,671 non-pregnant women of childbearing age from Xianghe County, Hebei Province, China in June 2004.
Geometric means [95 % confidence interval (CI)] of plasma concentrations were 9.3 (4.0, 21.6) nmol/L for folate, 213.1 (82.4, 550.9) pmol/L for vitamin B(12), 17.4 (1.1, 278.6) microg/L for ferritin, and 129.9 (104.6, 161.4) g/L for hemoglobin (Hb). Approximately 24 % of women had biochemical evidence of folate deficiency (<6.8 nmol/L), 21.4 % were deficient (<148 pmol/L) in vitamin B(12), 30.2 % had iron depletion (<15 microg/L), and anemia (Hb < 120 g/L) was detected among 15.4 % of women. Of the three nutrients, only iron depletion (ferritin < 15 microg/L) was independently associated with anemia (adjusted odds ratio = 6.4, 95 % CI 4.8, 8.6).
Although there were substantial proportions of folate and vitamin B(12) deficiencies among women of childbearing age in northern China, iron deficiency was the most important contributor to anemia.
评估中国北方地区（神经管缺陷高发地区）育龄妇女叶酸、维生素 B(12) 和铁缺乏症的流行情况及其与贫血的关系。
2004 年 6 月，对河北省香河县 1671 名非妊娠育龄妇女进行了血浆叶酸、维生素 B(12)、铁蛋白和血红蛋白水平检测。
血浆浓度几何均数（95%可信区间）分别为叶酸 9.3（4.0，21.6）nmol/L、维生素 B(12) 213.1（82.4，550.9）pmol/L、铁蛋白 17.4（1.1，278.6）μg/L 和血红蛋白（Hb）129.9（104.6，161.4）g/L（约 24%的妇女有生化证据表明叶酸缺乏症（<6.8 nmol/L），21.4%的妇女维生素 B(12)缺乏症（<148 pmol/L），30.2%的妇女缺铁（<15 μg/L），15.4%的妇女贫血（Hb<120 g/L）。在这三种营养素中，只有铁缺乏症（铁蛋白<15 μg/L）与贫血（调整后的优势比=6.4，95%可信区间 4.8，8.6）独立相关。
尽管中国北方地区育龄妇女存在大量叶酸和维生素 B(12)缺乏症，但缺铁是导致贫血的最重要因素。
