Gibbs Bethany Barone, Tudorascu Dana, Bryce Cindy L, Comer Diane, Fischer Gary S, Hess Rachel, Huber Kimberly A, McTigue Kathleen M, Simkin-Silverman Laurey R, Conroy Molly B
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
Transl J Am Coll Sports Med. 2017;2(18):114-121. Epub 2017 Sep 15.
Lifestyle habits of primary care patients with recent, intentional weight loss are unclear and need to be better understood to aid in translational health promotion efforts. We aimed to characterize diet and exercise habits in primary care patients with recent, intentional weight loss, comparing those with greater (≥10%) vs. lesser (5 to <10%) weight loss.
This was a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a randomized trial comparing weight loss maintenance interventions. The study included primary care patients, 18-75 years old, with ≥5% intentional weight loss via lifestyle change in the past 2 years. Participants (74% female, 87% white) had mean age 53 (12) years, body mass index 30.4 (5.9) kg/m, and recent weight loss of 11 (8)%. Dietary habits were measured by the Diet Habits Survey. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were measured by self-report and objectively by pedometer.
On average, participants reported high fruits and vegetables intake (5 servings/day), and low intake of fried foods (1 serving/week), desserts (1 serving/week) and sugar-sweetened beverages (0 servings/week). Those with greater vs. lesser weight loss had higher intake of fruits and vegetables (p=0.037) and low fat foods or recipes (p=0.019). Average self-reported moderate-vigorous physical activity was 319 (281) minutes/week, with significant differences between greater (374 (328) minutes/week) vs. lesser (276 (230) minutes/week) weight loss groups (p=0.017). By pedometer, 30% had ≥7,500 steps/day; the proportion was higher in greater (43%) vs. lesser (19%) weight loss groups (p=0.005).
For weight loss, clinical patients typically employ simple strategies such as 5+ fruits and vegetables per day, fried foods and desserts ≤1 per week, elimination of sugary drinks, choosing low fat foods/recipes, and physical activity 45-60 min/day.
近期有意减肥的初级保健患者的生活方式习惯尚不清楚，需要更好地了解这些习惯，以助力转化性健康促进工作。我们旨在描述近期有意减肥的初级保健患者的饮食和运动习惯，比较体重减轻幅度较大（≥10%）与较小（5%至<10%）的患者。
这是一项对比较体重减轻维持干预措施的随机试验基线数据的横断面分析。该研究纳入了年龄在18至75岁之间、过去两年通过生活方式改变实现≥5%有意体重减轻的初级保健患者。参与者（74%为女性，87%为白人）的平均年龄为53（12）岁，体重指数为30.4（5.9）kg/m²，近期体重减轻了11（8）%。饮食习惯通过饮食习惯调查进行测量。身体活动和久坐行为通过自我报告以及用计步器进行客观测量。
平均而言，参与者报告水果和蔬菜摄入量高（每天5份），油炸食品（每周1份）、甜点（每周1份）和含糖饮料（每周0份）摄入量低。体重减轻幅度较大与较小的患者相比，水果和蔬菜摄入量更高（p=0.037），低脂食品或食谱摄入量更高（p=0.019）。自我报告的平均中度至剧烈身体活动为每周319（281）分钟，体重减轻幅度较大（每周374（328）分钟）与较小（每周276（230）分钟）的组间存在显著差异（p=0.017）。通过计步器测量，30%的人每天步数≥7500步；体重减轻幅度较大（43%）与较小（19%）的组中这一比例更高（p=0.005）。
为了减肥，临床患者通常采用简单的策略，如每天摄入5份以上水果和蔬菜、每周油炸食品和甜点≤1份、不喝含糖饮料、选择低脂食品/食谱以及每天进行45 - 60分钟的身体活动。
