1 Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
2 Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Center for Dental Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
J Dent Res. 2018 Mar;97(3):259-265. doi: 10.1177/0022034517740560. Epub 2017 Nov 12.
Peri-implant diseases affecting the surrounding structures of endosseous dental implants include peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. The prevalence of peri-implantitis ranges between 15% and 20% after 10 y, highlighting the major challenge in clinical practice in the rehabilitation of dental implant patients. The widespread nature of peri-implant bone loss poses difficulties in the management of biological complications affecting the long-term success of osseointegrated implant reconstructions. Metal and titanium particles have been detected in peri-implant supporting tissues. However, it remains unclear what mechanisms could be responsible for the elicitation of particle and ion release and whether these released implant-associated materials have a local and/or systemic impact on the peri-implant soft and hard tissues. Metal particle release as a potential etiologic factor has been intensively studied in the field of orthopedics and is known to provoke aseptic loosening around arthroplasties and is associated with implant failures. In dental medicine, emerging information about metal/titanium particle release suggests that the potential impact of biomaterials at the abutment or bone interfaces may have an influence on the pathogenesis of peri-implant bone loss. This mini-review highlights current evidence of metal particle release around dental implants and future areas for research.
种植体周围疾病影响骨内牙科种植体的周围结构，包括种植体周围黏膜炎和种植体周围炎。种植体周围炎的患病率在 10 年后为 15%至 20%，这突显了在牙科种植体患者康复方面临床实践中的主要挑战。种植体周围骨丧失的广泛性质给影响骨整合种植体重建长期成功的生物并发症的管理带来了困难。已经在种植体支持组织中检测到金属和钛颗粒。然而，尚不清楚是什么机制可能导致颗粒和离子释放，以及这些释放的与植入物相关的材料是否对种植体周围软硬组织具有局部和/或全身影响。金属颗粒释放作为一种潜在的病因因子，在骨科领域已经得到了深入研究，已知其会在关节置换周围引发无菌性松动，并与植入物失败有关。在牙科医学中，关于金属/钛颗粒释放的新信息表明，在基台或骨界面处的生物材料的潜在影响可能对种植体周围骨丧失的发病机制有影响。这篇小型综述强调了目前关于牙科种植体周围金属颗粒释放的证据和未来的研究领域。
