Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria of Ministry of Education and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hohhot 010010, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2018 Mar 5;345:97-106. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.11.013. Epub 2017 Nov 10.
Predicting the toxicity of chemical mixtures is difficult because of the additive, antagonistic, or synergistic interactions among the mixture components. Antagonistic and synergistic interactions are dominant in metal mixtures, and their distributions may correlate with exposure concentrations. However, whether the interaction types of metal mixtures change at different time points during toxicodynamic (TD) processes is undetermined because of insufficient appropriate models and metal bioaccumulation data at different time points. In the present study, the generalized linear model (GLM) was used to illustrate the combined toxicities of binary metal mixtures, such as Cu-Zn, Cu-Cd, and Cd-Pb, to zebrafish larvae (Danio rerio). GLM was also used to identify possible interaction types among these method for the traditional concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA) models. Then the GLM were applied to quantify the different possible interaction types for metal mixture toxicity (Cu-Zn, Cu-Cd, and Cd-Pb to D. rerio and Ni-Co to Oligochaeta Enchytraeus crypticus) during the TD process at different exposure times. We found different metal interaction responses in the TD process and interactive coefficients significantly changed at different exposure times (p<0.05), which indicated that the interaction types among Cu-Zn, Cu-Cd, Cd-Pb and Ni-Co were time dependent. Our analysis highlighted the importance of considering joint actions in the TD process to understand and predict metal mixture toxicology on organisms. Moreover, care should be taken when evaluating interactions in toxicity prediction because results may vary at different time points. The GLM could be an alternative or complementary approach for BLM to analyze and predict metal mixture toxicity.
预测化学混合物的毒性很困难，因为混合物成分之间存在相加、拮抗或协同作用。拮抗和协同作用在金属混合物中占主导地位，它们的分布可能与暴露浓度相关。然而，由于缺乏适当的模型和不同时间点的金属生物累积数据，金属混合物的相互作用类型是否在毒代动力学（TD）过程的不同时间点发生变化尚不确定。在本研究中，广义线性模型（GLM）用于说明二元金属混合物（如 Cu-Zn、Cu-Cd 和 Cd-Pb）对斑马鱼幼虫（Danio rerio）的联合毒性。GLM 也用于识别这些方法之间可能的相互作用类型，包括传统的浓度加和（CA）和独立作用（IA）模型。然后，GLM 被应用于量化在不同暴露时间的 TD 过程中金属混合物毒性（Cu-Zn、Cu-Cd 和 Cd-Pb 对 D. rerio 和 Ni-Co 对 Oligochaeta Enchytraeus crypticus）的不同可能相互作用类型。我们发现 TD 过程中存在不同的金属相互作用响应，并且相互作用系数在不同暴露时间显著变化（p<0.05），这表明 Cu-Zn、Cu-Cd、Cd-Pb 和 Ni-Co 之间的相互作用类型是时间依赖性的。我们的分析强调了在 TD 过程中考虑联合作用以理解和预测金属混合物对生物体的毒理学的重要性。此外，在评估毒性预测中的相互作用时应谨慎，因为结果可能在不同时间点有所不同。GLM 可以作为 BLM 的替代或补充方法，用于分析和预测金属混合物毒性。
