Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Paediatric Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
Nutrients. 2017 Nov 14;9(11):1247. doi: 10.3390/nu9111247.
Recently, a number of studies have demonstrated the existence of a link between the emotional and cognitive centres of the brain and peripheral functions through the bi-directional interaction between the central nervous system and the enteric nervous system. Therefore, the use of bacteria as therapeutics has attracted much interest. Recent research has found that there are a variety of mechanisms by which bacteria can signal to the brain and influence several processes in relation to neurotransmission, neurogenesis, and behaviour. Data derived from both in vitro experiments and in vivo clinical trials have supported some of these new health implications. While recent molecular advancement has provided strong indications to support and justify the role of the gut microbiota on the gut-brain axis, it is still not clear whether manipulations through probiotics and prebiotics administration could be beneficial in the treatment of neurological problems. The understanding of the gut microbiota and its activities is essential for the generation of future personalized healthcare strategies. Here, we explore and summarize the potential beneficial effects of probiotics and prebiotics in the neurodevelopmental process and in the prevention and treatment of certain neurological human diseases, highlighting current and future perspectives in this topic.
最近，许多研究通过中枢神经系统和肠神经系统的双向相互作用，证明了大脑的情绪和认知中心与外周功能之间存在联系。因此，利用细菌作为治疗方法引起了广泛关注。最近的研究发现，细菌可以通过多种机制向大脑发出信号，并影响与神经传递、神经发生和行为有关的几个过程。来自体外实验和体内临床试验的数据支持了其中的一些新的健康影响。虽然最近的分子进展为支持和证明肠道微生物群在肠道-大脑轴上的作用提供了强有力的依据，但仍不清楚通过益生菌和益生元的管理干预是否对治疗神经问题有益。了解肠道微生物群及其活动对于未来制定个性化医疗保健策略至关重要。在这里，我们探讨并总结了益生菌和益生元在神经发育过程中以及预防和治疗某些人类神经系统疾病方面的潜在有益作用，强调了该主题的当前和未来展望。
