Montoya-Tangarife Claudia, de la Barrera Francisco, Salazar Alejandro, Inostroza Luis
Instituto de Geografía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Centro del Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
PLoS One. 2017 Nov 14;12(11):e0188117. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188117. eCollection 2017.
Mankind's quest for well-being results in continuous pressure to transform landscapes, with said transformation driven by land use changes, urbanization, production activity, and protective measures in addition to climate variability and other environmental drivers. The relationship between anthropogenic landscape changes and the provision of ecosystem services (ES) is a topic of increasing interest in Latin America. In Chile, land cover changes due to increased urbanization and forestry, and expansion of agricultural land, in addition to conservation initiatives as a part of land planning, have been intensive in the last few decades. In this study, the effects of anthropogenic landscape changes on the supply of ES were analyzed for the urban region of Santiago-Valparaiso (Chile) using a method based on expert consultation and land cover change assessment. A pool of experts scored the potential of specific land covers to provide certain ES. The results enabled calculation and mapping of changes in the potential of the landscape to supply ES. The aforementioned changes over a period of 15 years were evaluated. The results indicate a tenuous balance between positive and negative changes to the supply of ES derived from land cover changes. Understanding and reporting how these processes occur in urban regions contributes to the conservation of valuable landscapes through spatial planning tools, especially in areas close to housing developments and sensitive ecosystems.
人类对福祉的追求导致了改变地貌的持续压力，除了气候变异性和其他环境驱动因素外，这种改变还受到土地利用变化、城市化、生产活动和保护措施的推动。人为景观变化与生态系统服务（ES）供给之间的关系是拉丁美洲日益受到关注的一个话题。在智利，过去几十年里，城市化和林业的增加、农业用地的扩张以及作为土地规划一部分的保护举措导致的土地覆盖变化一直很剧烈。在本研究中，使用一种基于专家咨询和土地覆盖变化评估的方法，分析了人为景观变化对智利圣地亚哥 - 瓦尔帕莱索城市地区生态系统服务供给的影响。一组专家对特定土地覆盖提供某些生态系统服务的潜力进行了评分。结果能够计算和绘制景观提供生态系统服务潜力的变化情况。对上述15年期间的变化进行了评估。结果表明，土地覆盖变化导致的生态系统服务供给的正负变化之间存在脆弱的平衡。了解和报告这些过程在城市地区如何发生，有助于通过空间规划工具保护宝贵的景观，特别是在靠近住房开发和敏感生态系统的地区。
