Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
Nutrients. 2017 Nov 12;9(11):1236. doi: 10.3390/nu9111236.
Several studies have demonstrated the beneficial impact of dried peas and their components on glucose tolerance; however, the role of gut microbiota as a potential mediator is not fully examined. In this study, we investigated the effect of dietary supplementation with raw and cooked pea seed coats (PSC) on glucose tolerance, microbial composition of the gut, select markers of intestinal barrier function, and short chain fatty acid profile in glucose intolerant rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed high fat diet (HFD) for six weeks to induce glucose intolerance, followed by four weeks of feeding PSC-supplemented diets. Cooked PSC improved glucose tolerance by approximately 30% ( < 0.05), and raw and cooked PSC diets reduced insulin response by 53% and 56% respectively ( < 0.05 and < 0.01), compared to HFD (containing cellulose as the source of dietary fiber). 16S rRNA gene sequencing on fecal samples showed a significant shift in the overall microbial composition of PSC groups when compared to HFD and low fat diet (LFD) controls. At the family level, PSC increased the abundance of and ( < 0.001), and decreased ( < 0.01) compared with HFD. This was accompanied by increased mRNA expression of mucin genes Muc1, Muc2, and Muc4 in ileal epithelium ( < 0.05). Serum levels of acetate and propionate increased with raw PSC diet ( < 0.01). These results indicate that supplementation of HFD with PSC fractions can improve glycemia and may have a protective role against HFD-induced alterations in gut microbiota and mucus layer.
几项研究表明，干豌豆及其成分对葡萄糖耐量有有益影响；然而，肠道微生物群作为潜在的介导者的作用尚未得到充分研究。在这项研究中，我们研究了日粮补充生豌豆种皮和熟豌豆种皮（PSC）对葡萄糖耐量、肠道微生物组成、肠道屏障功能的选择标志物和葡萄糖不耐受大鼠短链脂肪酸谱的影响。雄性 Sprague Dawley 大鼠喂食高脂肪饮食（HFD）六周以诱导葡萄糖耐量，随后用 PSC 补充饮食喂养四周。与 HFD（以纤维素作为膳食纤维来源）相比，熟 PSC 可使葡萄糖耐量提高约 30%（<0.05），而生 PSC 和熟 PSC 饮食可使胰岛素反应分别降低 53%和 56%（<0.05 和 <0.01）。对粪便样本的 16S rRNA 基因测序显示，与 HFD 和低脂饮食（LFD）对照组相比，PSC 组的整体微生物组成发生了显著变化。在科水平上，与 HFD 相比，PSC 增加了 和 的丰度（<0.001），并降低了 的丰度（<0.01）。这伴随着回肠上皮中粘蛋白基因 Muc1、Muc2 和 Muc4 的 mRNA 表达增加（<0.05）。血清中乙酸盐和丙酸盐的水平随生 PSC 饮食而增加（<0.01）。这些结果表明，HFD 中添加 PSC 可改善血糖水平，并可能对 HFD 诱导的肠道微生物群和黏液层改变具有保护作用。
