Espie C A, Lindsay W R, Brooks D N, Hood E M, Turvey T
Behav Res Ther. 1989;27(1):79-88. doi: 10.1016/0005-7967(89)90123-x.
A sample of physician-referred chronic insomniacs was randomly allocated to either progressive relaxation, stimulus control, paradoxical intention, placebo or no treatment conditions. Treatment process and outcome were investigated in terms of mean and standard deviation (night to night variability) measures of sleep pattern and sleep quality. Only active treatments were associated with significant improvement, but the nature of treatment gains varied. In particular, stimulus control improved sleep pattern, whereas relaxation affected perception of sleep quality. All improvements were maintained at 17 month follow-up. Results are discussed with reference to previous research and guidelines are given for clinical practice.
一组由医生转诊的慢性失眠症患者被随机分配到渐进性放松、刺激控制、矛盾意向、安慰剂或无治疗组。从睡眠模式和睡眠质量的均值和标准差（夜间变化）测量方面对治疗过程和结果进行了调查。只有积极治疗组有显著改善，但治疗效果的性质各不相同。特别是，刺激控制改善了睡眠模式，而放松影响了对睡眠质量的感知。所有改善在17个月的随访中得以维持。结合先前的研究对结果进行了讨论，并给出了临床实践指南。
